Evaluation of Anal Position Indexes from Anal Dimple and Neoanus at Sphincter Muscle Complex in Children with High Anorectal Malformations in Kano, Nigeria.

Background: Anorectal malformations (ARMs) comprise a spectrum of congenital anomalies that continue to present a challenge to patients, caregivers and paediatric surgeons. The main objective of this study was to determine the anal position index (API) from anal dimple and neoanus at the sphincter muscle complex in children with high ARM.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional study design, the API was assessed from anal dimple and neoanus at the sphincter muscle complex in children with high ARM.

Bilateral Wilms' tumour: An international comparison of treatments and outcomes.

Introduction: Wilms' tumour is the most common childhood renal malignancy, with 5-10% of cases presenting bilaterally . However, there is currently no consensus between centres on optimal management of bilateral Wilms' tumours. This is an international multi-centre case series comparing management and outcomes of bilateral Wilms' tumours between low-income centres (LIC) and high-income centres (HIC).

Major abdominal wall defects in the low- and middle-income setting: current status and priorities.

Major congenital abdominal wall defects (gastroschisis and omphalocele) may account for up to 21% of emergency neonatal interventions in low- and middle-income countries. In many low- and middle-income countries, the reported mortality of these malformations is 30-100%, while in high-income countries, mortality in infants with major abdominal wall reaches less than 5%. This review highlights the challenges faced in the management of newborns with major congenital abdominal wall defects in the resource-limited setting.

Dry Gangrene in Children with Typhoid Intestinal Perforation: A Report of Two Cases.

Intestinal perforation is a life-threatening complication of typhoid fever commonly seen in developing countries, but extraintestinal complications are infrequently reported. We report herein two cases of gangrene seen in children managed for typhoid intestinal perforation, highlighting the challenges faced in their management.