Understanding the bovine mastitis co-infections: Coexistence with Enterobacter alters S. aureus antibiotic susceptibility and virulence phenotype.

The World Health Organization recently reported an alarming evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance, a global risk factor recognized as a One Health challenge. In veterinary, the general lack of clear treatment guidelines often leads to antibiotic misuse. Bovine mastitis is responsible for major economic losses and the main cause of antibiotic administration in the dairy industry, favoring the emergence of multi-resistant phenotypes.

Light-activated conjugated polymer nanoparticles to defeat pathogens associated with bovine mastitis.

Bovine mastitis (BM) represents a significant challenge in the dairy industry. Limitations of conventional treatments have prompted the exploration of alternative approaches, such as photodynamic inactivation (PDI). In this study, we developed a PDI protocol to eliminate BM-associated pathogens using porphyrin-doped conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPN).

1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D-mediated effects on bovine innate immunity and on biofilm-forming Staphylococcus spp. isolated from cattle with mastitis.

Mastitis is one the most widespread and serious diseases in dairy cattle. Recurrent and chronic infections are often attributable to certain pathogenicity mechanisms in mastitis-causing pathogens such as Staphylococcus spp. These include growing in biofilm and invading cells, both of which make it possible to resist or evade antimicrobial therapies and the host's immune system.

Teat-apex colonizer Bacillus from healthy cows antagonizes mastitis-causing Staphylococcus aureus biofilms.

Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequent causal agent of bovine mastitis, which is largely responsible for milk production losses worldwide. The pathogen's ability to form stable biofilms facilitates intramammary colonization and may explain disease persistence. This virulence factor is also highly influential in the development of chronic intramammary infections refractory to antimicrobial therapy, which is why novel therapies that can tackle multiple targets are necessary.

Chitosan can improve antimicrobial treatment independently of bacterial lifestyle, biofilm biomass intensity and antibiotic resistance pattern in non-aureus staphylococci (NAS) isolated from bovine clinical mastitis.

Bovine mastitis is the most frequent and costly disease that affects dairy cattle. Non-aureus staphylococci (NAS) are currently one of the main pathogens associated with difficult-to-treat intramammary infections. Biofilm is an important virulence factor that can protect bacteria against antimicrobial treatment and prevent their recognition by the host's immune system.