Validation of an infectious bronchitis virus GVIII-specific RT-PCR assay and first detection of IB80-like strains (lineage GVIII-2) in Italy.

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a pathogen causing respiratory, renal and reproductive clinical forms in chickens of all ages and productive categories. Its proneness to mutation and recombination gave rise to a plethora of variants differing in terms of pathogenicity, antigenicity, and distribution, with relevant implications for disease control, mainly pursued by routine vaccination, and diagnosis, requiring a steady update of molecular and serological methods. Among the most recent additions to the current phylogenetic classification, based on S1 gene sequencing, is the discovery of an eighth genotype (GVIII), further divided into lineages GVIII-1 and GVIII-2.

Autopsy of a Hemodialysis Machine: Potential for Recycling at the End of the Life Cycle.

Background: Hemodialysis (HD) contributes significantly to healthcare's carbon footprint. Worldwide about 100,000 dialysis machines end their life cycle each year. Our aim was to analyze the composition and the potential for recyclability of two dialysis machines, from the two companies with the largest market share, which had met their end-of-use terms (10-12 years of use according to French regulations).

Extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like appearance (EMAP) clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria, and insights from allied inherited retinal diseases and age-related macular degeneration.

Extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like appearance (EMAP) was first described in France in 2009 as a symmetric and rapidly progressive form of macular atrophy primarily affecting middle-aged individuals. Despite the recent identification of a significant number of cases in Italy and worldwide, EMAP remains an underrecognized condition. The clinical triad typical of EMAP consists of vertically oriented macular atrophy with multilobular borders, pseudodrusen-like deposits across the posterior pole and mid-periphery, and peripheral pavingstone degeneration.

Multifocal vitelliform lesions associated with mitochondrial retinopathy.

Purpose: To report a case of multifocal vitelliform lesions in a patient affected by metabolic encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) with the m.3243A>G variant.

Observations: A 37-year-old woman affected by MELAS was referred to our center for progressive vision deterioration.