Wall teichoic acid glycosylation of bovine-associated Staphylococcus aureus strains.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the major causes of bovine mastitis, a disease with detrimental effects on health and wellbeing. Current control measures are costly, laborious and not always effective in eradicating S.

A survey of foot disinfection practices for control of bovine digital dermatitis: Evaluating solution depth, footbath hygiene, and the potential of footbaths as infection reservoirs for Treponema species.

Bovine digital dermatitis remains a widespread endemic disease of dairy cattle worldwide. Footbathing is commonly used as a control measure and has significant economic and environmental impacts. Few studies document footbathing practices on dairy farms or evaluate their suitability for achieving foot disinfection.

MAIT cell-MR1 reactivity is highly conserved across multiple divergent species.

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a subset of unconventional T cells that recognize small molecule metabolites presented by major histocompatibility complex class I related protein 1 (MR1), via an αβ T cell receptor (TCR). MAIT TCRs feature an essentially invariant TCR α-chain, which is highly conserved between mammals. Similarly, MR1 is the most highly conserved major histocompatibility complex-I-like molecule.

Total bacterial count and somatic cell count in bulk and individual goat milk around kidding: Two longitudinal observational studies.

Total bacterial count (TBC) and SCC are important quality parameters in goat milk. Exceeding the bulk milk TBC (BMTBC) thresholds leads to price penalties for Dutch dairy goat farmers. Controlling these milk quality parameters can be challenging, especially around kidding.

lesion strains are less sensitive to the hostile environment of albumen and more resistant to lysozyme compared to cloaca strains.

Egg albumen inhibits cloaca strains more than lesion strains. lesion strains are resistant to high concentrations of lysozyme.Lysozyme resistance could enhance survival in albumen and body fluids.