Effect of 2 dosages of prepartum cholecalciferol injection on blood minerals, vitamin D metabolites, and milk production in multiparous dairy cows: A randomized clinical trial.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 2 dosages of prepartum cholecalciferol injection on blood minerals, vitamin D metabolites, and milk production. Cows entering their second or greater lactation (n = 158) were randomly assigned to a control group (CON) or one of 2 treatment groups receiving either 6 × 10 IU (6VitD) or 12 × 10 IU (12VitD) cholecalciferol intramuscularly on d 275 ± 1.2 (SD) of gestation.

Randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effects of a prepartum cholecalciferol injection on postpartum serum calcium dynamics and health and performance in early-lactation multiparous dairy cows.

The objectives of the present study were (1) to evaluate the effect of prepartum cholecalciferol treatment on serum Ca concentration during the first 10 d after calving and (2) to evaluate the effect of treatment on subsequent health and performance. Multiparous Holstein cows (n = 377) from one dairy farm were fed a negative dietary cation-anion difference diet (-31 mEq/kg of DM) for the last 21 d of gestation. On d 275, the animals were randomly assigned to a control or a treatment group.

Colonoscopy and polypectomy: beside age, size of polyps main factor for long-term risk of colorectal cancer in a screening population.

Purpose: Despite national and international guideline recommendations, few studies have been conducted to estimate the impact of colonoscopy screening on long-term colorectal cancer incidence. Aim of this study was to determine the long-term impact of a full colonoscopy with polypectomy on colorectal cancer incidence in a large screening population.

Methods: In this prospective observational cohort study, a total of 10,947 colonoscopy screening participants from within the scope of the Munich Cancer Registry were consecutively recruited from participating gastroenterology practices and their subsequent colorectal cancer incidence assessed.