Interactions between vitamin D deficiency and inflammation on diabetes risk: data from 336,500 UK Biobank adults.

Objectives: Findings regarding the effects of vitamin D supplementation on diabetes risk are inconclusive. Because inflammation and vitamin D levels are interconnected, we hypothesized that higher inflammation levels moderate the effects of vitamin D deficiency on diabetes risk.

Design, Setting, Participants, And Measurements: UK Biobank participants without pre-existing diabetes at baseline were included (N = 336,500).

Frailty screening with comprehensive geriatrician-led multidisciplinary assessment for older adults during emergency hospital attendance in Ireland (SOLAR): a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Multidisciplinary comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) improves outcomes in hospitalised older adults but there is limited evidence on its effectiveness in the emergency department. We aimed to assess the benefits of CGA in the emergency department for older adults living with frailty.

Methods: In this randomised controlled trial, we enrolled older adults (≥75 years) who presented to the emergency department with medical complaints at University Hospital Limerick (Limerick, Ireland).

Healthcare workers' experience of screening older adults in emergency care settings: a qualitative descriptive study using the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Background: In emergency care settings, screening for disease or risk factors for poor health outcomes among older adults can identify those in need of specialist and early intervention. The aim of this study was to identify barriers and facilitators to implementing older person-centred screening in emergency care settings in the Mid-West of Ireland.

Methods: This study employed a qualitative descriptive design underpinned by the theoretical domains framework (TDF).

A frailty census of older adults in the emergency department and acute inpatient settings of a model 4 hospital in the Mid-West of Ireland.

Background: Frailty is a risk factor for presentation to the ED, in-hospital mortality, prolonged hospital stays and functional decline at discharge. Profiling the prevalence and level of frailty within the acute hospital setting is vital to ensure evidence-based practice and service development within the construct of frailty. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to establish the prevalence of frailty and co-morbidities among older adults in an acute hospital setting.

TXA combined with whole blood transfusion in trauma patients does not increase the risk of VTE but shock index does.

Introduction: Previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of tranexamic acid (TXA) administration in combination with packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion in trauma patients without increasing the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the effect of TXA in combination with whole blood (WB) has not been studied. Injury, abbreviated injury severity scores (ISS and AIS) and the need for blood transfusions are historically associated with VTE.