Evaluation of Newborn Direct Bilirubin As Screening for Cholestatic Liver Disease.

Background: Biliary atresia (BA) remains the most common indication for pediatric liver transplantation. Early diagnosis is essential for a favorable long-term prognosis for patients with BA. Preliminary data suggests that measurement of direct bilirubin (DB) in newborns may be an effective screening tool for neonatal cholestasis, particularly BA, allowing for early referral and diagnosis.

Influence of fluid flows on electric double layers in evaporating colloidal sessile droplets.

A model is developed for describing the transport of charged colloidal particles in an evaporating sessile droplet on the electrified metal substrate in the presence of a solvent flow. The model takes into account the electric charge of colloidal particles and small ions produced by electrolytic dissociation of the active groups on the colloidal particles and solvent molecules. We employ a system of self-consistent Poisson and Nernst-Planck equations for electric potential and average concentrations of colloidal particles and ions with the appropriate boundary conditions.

Understanding population annealing Monte Carlo simulations.

Population annealing is a recent addition to the arsenal of the practitioner in computer simulations in statistical physics and it proves to deal well with systems with complex free-energy landscapes. Above all else, it promises to deliver unrivaled parallel scaling qualities, being suitable for parallel machines of the biggest caliber. Here we study population annealing using as the main example the two-dimensional Ising model, which allows for particularly clean comparisons due to the available exact results and the wealth of published simulational studies employing other approaches.

Applying droplets and films in evaporative lithography.

This review covers experimental results of evaporative lithography and analyzes existing mathematical models of this method. Evaporating droplets and films are used in different fields, such as cooling of heated surfaces of electronic devices, diagnostics in health care, creation of transparent conductive coatings on flexible substrates, and surface patterning. A method called evaporative lithography emerged after the connection between the coffee ring effect taking place in drying colloidal droplets and naturally occurring inhomogeneous vapor flux densities from liquid-vapor interfaces was established.

Joint effect of advection, diffusion, and capillary attraction on the spatial structure of particle depositions from evaporating droplets.

A simplified model is developed, which allows us to perform computer simulations of the particles transport in an evaporating droplet with a contact line pinned to a hydrophilic substrate. The model accounts for advection in the droplet, diffusion, and particle attraction by capillary forces. On the basis of the simulations, we analyze the physical mechanisms of forming of individual chains of particles inside the annular sediment.