Stroke-bleeding risk score pairings within individuals in the outcomes registry for better informed treatment of atrial fibrillation (ORBIT-AF) registry.

Background: Decisions about stroke prevention strategies in atrial fibrillation (AF) typically balance thromboembolism reduction against increased bleeding from oral anticoagulation therapy (OAC). When determining eligibility for OAC, guidelines recommend calculation of thromboembolic event rates using a validated score such as CHA2DS2-VASc. In contrast, routine calculation of bleeding scores is not recommended, in part because many patient factors associated with an increased risk of bleeding are associated with an even larger increased risk of ischemic stroke.

Effects of and extract on cognitive function in a healthy adult population: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Unlabelled: Flavonoids, known for their neuroprotective properties, are abundant in and Yet, human studies on their combined effects are limited.

Objective: This study evaluated the cognitive effects of combined and supplementation in healthy adults.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 26 males and 59 females ( = 85; 43 ± 8 yrs) consumed the test product (TP) containing 240 mg stem extract of and 51 mg heartwood extract of (UP326, Unigen, Tacoma, WA USA) or placebo (PLA) for four weeks.

Stochastic Models of Zoonotic Avian Influenza with Multiple Hosts, Environmental Transmission, and Migration in the Natural Reservoir.

Avian influenza virus type A causes an infectious disease that circulates among wild bird populations and regularly spills over into domesticated animals, such as poultry and swine. As the virus replicates in these intermediate hosts, mutations occur, increasing the likelihood of emergence of a new variant with greater transmission to humans and a potential threat to public health. Prior models for spread of avian influenza have included some combinations of the following components: multi-host populations, spillover into humans, environmental transmission, seasonality, and migration.