Growth Outcomes of Preterm Infants Exposed to Different Oxygen Saturation Target Ranges from Birth.

Objective: To test whether infants randomized to a lower oxygen saturation (peripheral capillary oxygen saturation [SpO2]) target range while on supplemental oxygen from birth will have better growth velocity from birth to 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) and less growth failure at 36 weeks PMA and 18-22 months corrected age.

Study Design: We evaluated a subgroup of 810 preterm infants from the Surfactant, Positive Pressure, and Oxygenation Randomized Trial, randomized at birth to lower (85%-89%, n = 402, PMA 26 ± 1 weeks, birth weight 839 ± 186 g) or higher (91%-95%, n = 408, PMA 26 ± 1 weeks, birth weight 840 ± 191 g) SpO2 target ranges. Anthropometric measures were obtained at birth, postnatal days 7, 14, 21, and 28; then at 32 and 36 weeks PMA; and 18-22 months corrected age.

Neuroimaging and neurodevelopmental outcome in extremely preterm infants.

Background: Extremely preterm infants are at risk for neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI). Early cranial ultrasound (CUS) is usual practice, but near-term brain MRI has been reported to better predict outcomes. We prospectively evaluated MRI white matter abnormality (WMA) and cerebellar lesions, and serial CUS adverse findings as predictors of outcomes at 18 to 22 months' corrected age.

PaCO2 in surfactant, positive pressure, and oxygenation randomised trial (SUPPORT).

Objective: To determine the association of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide PaCO2 with severe intraventricular haemorrhage (sIVH), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 18-22 months in premature infants.

Design: Secondary exploratory data analysis of Surfactant, Positive Pressure, and Oxygenation Randomised Trial (SUPPORT).

Setting: Multiple referral neonatal intensive care units.

Change in practice after the Surfactant, Positive Pressure and Oxygenation Randomised Trial.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that the proportion of endotracheal intubation (ETI) in the delivery room (DR) decreased in Neonatal Research Network (NRN) centres after the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development NRN Surfactant, Positive Pressure, and Oxygenation Randomised Trial (SUPPORT).

Design: Retrospective cohort study using the prospective NRN generic database.

Setting: Eleven centres that participated in the SUPPORT trial and remained part of the NRN.

Evaluating retinopathy of prematurity screening guidelines for 24- to 27-week gestational age infants.

Objective: To determine whether current retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening guidelines adequately identify treatable ROP in a contemporary cohort of extremely low gestation infants.

Study Design: Data from the Surfactant, Positive Pressure, and Pulse Oximetry Randomized Trial were used. Inborn infants of 24 (0)/7 to 27 (6)/7 weeks gestational age (GA) with consent before delivery were enrolled in 2005 to 2009.