The Never-Ending Story of Hyponatremia: A Current Problem to Overcome.

Unlabelled: Hyponatremia is a common complication in patients undergoing neurosurgery. If undiagnosed, it has a negative prognostic impact. The two dominant causes of refractory hyponatremia include syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH) and cerebral salt wasting syndrome (CSWS).

Midodrine and albumin as a possible "winning pair" in managing paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction: a clinical case report.

Background: Paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction (PICD) is a "silent killer syndrome" occurring after large volume paracenteses (LVPs). We here report an unusual case of PICD induced by right heart failure recognized and managed successfully.

Case Presentation: A 60-year-old woman was admitted to our Emergency Department for worsening dyspnea and hypoxia.

Microscopic colitis, a forgotten condition: a clinical case and review of the literature.

Objective: Microscopic colitis is a not uncommon chronic inflammatory disease of the colon, characterized by watery, non-bloody diarrhea, which is often forgotten and misdiagnosed.

Case Presentation: In this paper, we present a puzzling case of relapsing chronic diarrhea triggered by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) abuse, smoking, inappropriate antibiotic use, and secondary Clostridium Difficilis infection. Several tests were performed during hospitalization, all of which were negative apart from fecal calprotectin (> 6,000 mg/kg, normal values < 50 mg/kg) and a positive Clostridium Difficilis toxin test.

The complexity of immunology: a rare adverse event following a Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine booster shot.

Objective: Several mRNA vaccines have been developed to tackle the global pandemic. Despite their remarkable clinical efficacy, they are not devoid of severe short- and long-term adverse events.

Case Presentation: In this paper, we describe a rare delayed adverse event (arterial and venous renal thrombosis with myocardial injury) in an otherwise healthy adult female, which occurred three months after she received a booster shot of Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine.

When Autoimmunity 'DRESSes up': A Case after Certolizumab Therapy.

Unlabelled: Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) is characterised by skin rash together with visceral organ involvement, lymphadenopathy, eosinophilia and atypical lymphocytosis. The syndrome is clinically heterogeneous, making diagnosis challenging. It has an annual incidence of 2 per 100,000 population and a mortality rate of 2-10%.