[Critical periods in the pubertal development of girls].

The authors analyze the results of physical and sexual development of girls at the pubertal period, as well as their blood levels of hormones participating in the growth regulation and characterizing the +hypophyseal-gonadal relations. A staged pattern of pubertal period is emphasized+ and the critical period singled out: the age of menarche onset and establishment of the ovulation cycle (at the age of 14-15).

[The morphological and morphometric characteristics of the endocrine apparatus of the pancreas at different levels of ovarian hormones].

Changes in morphological and morphometric indices of pancreatic endocrine cells were studied in experiments on mature female rats with a different estrogenic status. Ten days after ovariectomy when the level of female sex steroids in the body was minimum, insulin excretion was slightly inhibited. Endocrine tissue hypertrophy resulted from the formation of new islets and was indicative of adaptation mechanisms.

[Role of adrenal and sex steroids in the regulation of pancreatic exocrine function].

The effect of deficiency of adrenal and sex steroids on the microstructure and some chemical compounds ensuring a secretory process in the pancreas was studied in experiments on adult albino rats of both sexes using morphological, histochemical and morphometric methods. Direct correlation of the number of zymogenic granules with steroid-hormonal balance was established. A secretory response of exocrine pancreacytes on steroid insufficiency was ambiguous in animals of different sexes.

[Histochemical study of enzyme activity of the exocrine and endocrine pancreas at different glucocorticoid levels in animal body].

A comparative study was made of the activity of nonspecific phosphatases and lactate dehydrogenases, succinate and NADH in exocrine and endocrine pancreas in excess and deficiency of body glucocorticoids. SDH, NADH-DH and LDH activity in pancreatic acinar cells was shown to be higher than that in the endocrine epithelium but significantly lower than the activity of nonspecific phosphatases, acid phosphatase being the predominant enzyme of B-insulocytes and alkaline phosphatase the predominant enzyme of A-insulocytes. A stimulating effect of hydrocortisone physiological doses on pancreatic secretory activity was accompanied by the enhanced activity of nonspecific phosphatases and enzymes of the Krebs cycle in the exocrine epithelium and acid phosphatase, NADH-DH in B-insulocytes.

[Structural and functional interrelations between the liver and endocrine system of the pancreas in disorders of corticosteroid balance].

Experiments on male rats have shown that correlative interrelationships of the liver and endocrine apparatus of the pancreas depend on the content of corticosteroids in the body. The administration of a physiological dose of hydrocortisone raises the synthesis of RNA, phospholipids and glycogen in the liver accompanied by B-insulocyte hypertrophy. Large hormone doses result in the suppression of protein synthesis in hepatocytes with further development of fatty degeneration of the liver and hypofunction of pancreatic islet B-cells.