Gap perception in bumblebees.

A number of insects fly over long distances below the natural canopy, where the physical environment is highly cluttered consisting of obstacles of varying shape, size and texture. While navigating within such environments, animals need to perceive and disambiguate environmental features that might obstruct their flight. The most elemental aspect of aerial navigation through such environments is gap identification and 'passability' evaluation.

Hematomas and limb skeletal malformations in chicken embryos following exposure to 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine.

Vascular injury or interruption may play a role in vertebrate limb teratogenesis. Since 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdU) can cause vascular injury in the murine limb and skull prior to the appearance of skeletal malformations in these structures, we studied the effects of this chemical on skeletal development in the chick embryo and noted any vascular injury. The yolk sacs of day three chick embryos (Hamburger and Hamilton states 17-19) were injected with solutions of vary concentrations of FdU in saline.

Necrotizing cellulitis caused by Legionella micdadei.

Legionella micdadei is primarily considered a pathogen of the pulmonary tract of immunocompromised patients, the majority of whom have been renal transplant recipients. We report the case of a necrotizing soft tissue infection in a cadaveric renal transplant recipient resulting in amputation of the left arm. Only one other extrathoracic bacteriologically documented L.

Bleomycin-lidocaine mixture reduces pain of intralesional injection in the treatment of recalcitrant verrucae.

Intralesional bleomycin has been effective treatment of recalcitrant verrucae since 1970, but one major drawback is the moderate to severe pain associated with the injection. To minimize procedural discomfort, bleomycin can be reconstituted in lidocaine. It is effective, associated with minimal morbidity, and well tolerated by most patients.