MAPK1IP1L::TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinoma: a novel fusion adding to the differential diagnosis of oncocytic renal neoplasms.

Beyond the more common TFE3 fusion partners PRCC, ASPSCR1, and SFPQ, additional less common fusion partners of TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have been described. Herein, we present an example of TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinoma harboring fusion partner MAPK1IP1L, a rare rearrangement with only one other reported tumor found in the literature. The currently reported TFE3-rearranged RCC demonstrates unique histological features compared to the previously reported tumor including dense eosinophilic cytoplasm and nuclear pseudoinclusions (corroborated by electron microscopic evaluation), with features not typically seen in other TFE3-rearranged RCCs.

Single-molecule analysis of transcription activation: dynamics of SAGA coactivator recruitment.

Transcription activators are said to stimulate gene expression by 'recruiting' coactivators, yet this vague term fits multiple kinetic models. To directly analyze the dynamics of activator-coactivator interactions, single-molecule microscopy was used to image promoter DNA, a transcription activator and the Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase (SAGA) complex within yeast nuclear extract. SAGA readily but transiently binds nucleosome-free DNA without an activator, while chromatin association occurs primarily when an activator is present.

The utility of multiple assessments in infancy and toddlerhood to predict middle childhood ADHD symptoms: Temperamental, behavioral, and genetic contributions.

Background: Early intervention is effective for reducing ADHD symptoms and related impairments, yet methods of identifying young children in need of services are lacking. Most early predictors of ADHD previously identified are of limited clinical utility. This study examines several theoretically relevant predictors of ADHD in infancy and toddlerhood and whether assessment at multiple time points improves prediction.

Mechanisms of synergistic Mediator recruitment in RNA polymerase II transcription activation revealed by single-molecule fluorescence.

Transcription activators trigger transcript production by RNA Polymerase II (RNApII) via the Mediator coactivator complex. Here the dynamics of activator, Mediator, and RNApII binding at promoter DNA were analyzed using multi-wavelength single-molecule microscopy of fluorescently labeled proteins in budding yeast nuclear extract. Binding of Mediator and RNApII to the template required activator and an upstream activator sequence (UAS), but not a core promoter.