Mortality and Timing of Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Therapies After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Two-Center Retrospective Pediatric Cohort Study.

Objectives: Pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Limited data exist to guide timing and method of neurologic prognostication after pediatric OHCA, making counseling on withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies (WLSTs) challenging. This study investigates the timing and mode of death after pediatric OHCA and factors associated with mortality.

Implementation and outcomes of a comprehensive emergency care curriculum at a low-resource referral hospital in Liberia: A novel approach to application of the WHO Basic Emergency Care toolkit.

Background: Emergency care is vital in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) but many frontline healthcare workers in low-resource settings have no formal training in emergency care. To address this gap, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed Basic Emergency Care (BEC): Approach to the acutely ill and injured, a multi-day, open-source course for healthcare workers in low-resource settings. Building on the BEC foundation, this study uses an implementation science (IS) lens to develop, implement, and evaluate a comprehensive emergency care curriculum in a single emergency facility in Liberia.

Emergency department antimicrobial use in a low-resource setting: results from a retrospective observational study at a referral hospital in Liberia.

Objective: Data on antimicrobial use in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) remain limited. In Liberia, the absence of local data impedes surveillance and may lead to suboptimal treatment, injudicious use and resistance against antimicrobials. This study aims to examine antimicrobial prescribing patterns for patients in the emergency department (ED) of a large Liberian public hospital.

Ankle Accelerometry for Assessing Physical Activity Among Adolescent Girls: Threshold Determination, Validity, Reliability, and Feasibility.

Purpose: Ankle accelerometry allows for 24-hr data collection and improves data volume/integrity versus hip accelerometry. Using Actical ankle accelerometry, the purpose of this study was to (a) develop sensitive/specific thresholds, (b) examine validity/reliability, (c) compare new thresholds with those of the manufacturer, and (d) examine feasibility in a community sample (low-income, urban adolescent girls).

Method: Two studies were conducted with 6th- through 7th-grade girls (aged 10-14 years old): First was a laboratory study (n = 24), in which 2 Actical accelerometers were placed on the ankle and worn while measuring energy expenditure (Cosmed K4b2, metabolic equivalents [METs]) during 10 prescribed activities.

Decreased fat and nitrogen losses in patients with AIDS receiving medium-chain-triglyceride-enriched formula vs those receiving long-chain-triglyceride-containing formula.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare two enteral formulas, differing only in fat source, for product acceptance, tolerance, and effect on fat malabsorption and nutritional status in subjects with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Design: The double-blind, randomized 15-day trial was divided into a 3-day period in which solid food was consumed followed by a 12-day experimental period in which liquid formulas were consumed.

Setting/subjects: Twenty-three men and one woman with AIDS and fat malabsorption completed the study.