Impacts of elevated temperature, decreased salinity and microfibers on the bioenergetics and oxidative stress in eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica.

Projected increases in temperature and decreases in salinity associated with global climate change will likely have detrimental impacts on eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, as these variables can influence physiological processes in these keystone species. We set out to determine how the interactive effects of temperature (20 °C or 27 °C) and/or salinity (27‰ or 17‰) impacted the energetic reserves, aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, and changes to oxidative stress or total antioxidant potential as a consequence of an altered environment over a 21-day exposure. Gill and adductor muscle were used to quantify changes in total glycogen and lipid content, Electron Transport System and Citrate Synthase activities, Malate Dehydrogenase activity, Protein Carbonyl formation, lipid peroxidation, and total antioxidant potential.

Assessing paediatric safeguarding in rural Australian health services.

Aim: Establish the incidence, burden and characteristics of paediatric safeguarding concerns in rural Australian emergency department practice.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of burns, injury and poisoning presentations across 16 months involving 1472 paediatric cases.

Results: Five per cent of presentations had confirmed safeguarding concern.

p53 oligomerization status as an indicator of sensitivity of p53-wildtype neuroblastomas to the combination of DNA damaging agent and Chk1 inhibitor.

Neuroblastomas are one of the most common types of solid tumors in infants and children and are responsible for approximately 15% of childhood cancer deaths. Neuroblastomas rarely have mutations in p53, with less than 2% of NB containing mutations in p53, compared to up to 60% for other tumor classes. Previous studies on the therapeutic combination of a DNA damaging agent and checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) inhibitor have shown that DNA damage-induced cell cycle arrest can be specifically abrogated in p53-defective tumors.

Elevated CO and Hypoxia Alter the Acid-Base Homeostasis of Developing Sheepshead Minnows, .

Low dissolved oxygen and increased acidification are two environmental variables that concomitantly change in an estuarine environment, both of which are exacerbated by nutrient pollution and subsequent eutrophication. To better understand how estuarine residents compensate for daily fluctuations in these environmental variables, the interactive effects of acidification and hypoxia were assessed in developing sheepshead minnows () using a 2 by 2 factorial design over a 42-day exposure. Embryos were exposed to either acidic (partial pressure of CO, CO, ~2000 μatm), hypoxic (reduced dissolved oxygen, ~2 mg l), or combined acidic and hypoxic conditions and monitored for development, hatch rate, and survival.