The effectiveness and safety of botulinum toxin treatment for sialorrhea due to severe brain injury.

Introduction: Sialorrhea may be a consequence of severe acquired brain injury (ABI). Salivary gland botulinum neurotoxin (SG-BoNT) injections can reduce saliva production, but there is limited evidence for their use in ABI.We reviewed the effectiveness, impact on chest infection frequency, and safety of SG-BoNT for sialorrhea in a cohort of patients with severe ABI.

Macropinocytosis controls metabolic stress-driven CAF subtype identity in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors are deficient in glutamine, an amino acid that tumor cells and CAFs use to sustain their fitness. In PDAC, both cell types stimulate macropinocytosis as an adaptive response to glutamine depletion. CAFs play a critical role in sculpting the tumor microenvironment, yet how adaptations to metabolic stress impact the stromal architecture remains elusive.

A Rare Transverse Colon Hiatal Herniation as a Complication of an Esophagectomy.

Hiatal herniations involving the transverse colon are a rare condition. This case study explores the hiatal herniation of the transverse colon as a complication of an esophagectomy through the prosection findings of a 91-year-old male anatomical donor ("donor") who had a documented esophagectomy procedure due to esophageal adenocarcinoma. A thorough dissection of the abdomen and thorax confirmed that a large portion of the esophagus was removed during an esophagectomy, and the remaining cervical portion was reconnected to the stomach in the posterior mediastinum of the thoracic cavity.

Research for all: building a diverse researcher community for the All of Us Research Program.

Objectives: The NIH All of Us Research Program (All of Us) is engaging a diverse community of more than 10 000 registered researchers using a robust engagement ecosystem model. We describe strategies used to build an ecosystem that attracts and supports a diverse and inclusive researcher community to use the All of Us dataset and provide metrics on All of Us researcher usage growth.

Materials And Methods: Researcher audiences and diversity categories were defined to guide a strategy.

Mobile apps for diabetes self-management: An updated review of app features and effectiveness.

Self-management of diabetes is extremely challenging and non-adherence is common. Health consequences are significant for those unable to adhere to the complex treatment regimen, which includes regular oral medication and/or insulin use, frequent blood sugar checks, strict dietary management, and regular physical activity. Mobile applications (apps) present a tremendous opportunity to help patients improve adherence to these behaviors.