Feasibility of telehealth exercise and nicotinamide riboside supplementation in survivors of childhood cancer at risk for diabetes: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) have a 50% higher risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) compared with the general population. Interventions in survivors with prediabetes (fasting glucose 100-125 mg/dL or hemoglobin A1c 5.7%-6.

Left Ventricle Size Correlates with Peak Exercise Capacity in Pediatric Cancer Survivors Exposed to Anthracycline Chemotherapy.

Cancer survivors exposed to anthracycline chemotherapy are at risk for developing cardiomyopathy, which may have delayed clinical manifestation. In a retrospective cross-sectional study, we evaluated the utility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) for detecting early cardiac disease in 35 pediatric cancer survivors by examining the associations between peak exercise capacity (measured via percent predicted peak VO) and resting left ventricular (LV) function on echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI). We additionally assessed the relationships between LV size on resting echocardiography or cMRI and percent predicted peak VO since LV growth arrest can occur in anthracycline-exposed patients prior to changes in LV systolic function.

Association Between Pretreatment Skeletal Muscle and Outcomes After CAR T-Cell Therapy.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between baseline skeletal muscle measurements, acute toxicity (immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome [ICANS], cytokine release syndrome), and treatment efficacy in patients undergoing CAR T-cell therapy for B-lineage lymphoma.

Patients And Methods: Skeletal muscle measurements were obtained from automated CT measurements in 226 consecutive patients who received CAR T-cell therapy between 2015 and 2021. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to examine progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) at 1-year.

Cardiovascular profile of contemporary treatments of renal cell carcinoma: A single-center prospective study.

Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Emerging data suggest that these agents can result in clinically significant cardiotoxicity, compromising the care.

Methods: We conducted a prospective longitudinal study to evaluate the incidence of de novo cardiac dysfunction as assessed by echocardiography and blood biomarkers in mRCC patients receiving TKI with or without ICI followed at baseline, 3-month and 6-month.

High-intensity interval training improves metabolic syndrome in women with breast cancer receiving Anthracyclines.

Introduction: Anthracycline chemotherapy is a frequent treatment for breast cancer, whereas it can increase risk of physiologic side-effects, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). Exercise has been used as a non-pharmacological strategy to decrease MetS. Specifically, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to improve MetS in patients with diabetes or cardiac rehabilitation patients; however, the effects of HIIT on MetS and associated biomarkers in patients with breast cancer receiving anthracycline chemotherapy have not been previously explored.

Telehealth exercise to Improve Physical function and frailty in patients with multiple myeloma treated with autologous hematopoietic Stem cell transplantation (TIPS): protocol of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Advances in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and supportive care have led to marked improvements in survival for patients with multiple myeloma. Despite these improvements, patients with multiple myeloma remain at high risk of physical dysfunction and frailty due to HSCT and its associated exposures. Although traditional supervised exercise programs can improve frailty in cancer patients and survivors, rehabilitation facilities are typically far from a patient's residence, are offered on fixed days/hours, contain uniform activities for everyone, and carry a higher risk of contact cross-infection due to immunosuppression, which can be barriers to exercise participation.

Exercise training and NR supplementation to improve muscle mass and fitness in adolescent and young adult hematopoietic cell transplant survivors: a randomized controlled trial {1}.

Background: Advances in hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) have led to marked improvements in survival. However, adolescents and young adults (AYAs) who undergo HCT are at high risk of developing sarcopenia (loss of skeletal muscle mass) due to the impact of HCT-related exposures on the developing musculoskeletal system. HCT survivors who have sarcopenia also have excess lifetime risk of non-relapse mortality.

Association Between Body Composition and Development of Glucose Intolerance after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.

Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients have increased risk of developing glucose intolerance and diabetes mellitus (DM). The strongest risk factor for glucose intolerance is being overweight/obese, as determined by body mass index (BMI), which does not account for differences in body composition. We examined the association between body composition measures from pre-HCT CT and early-onset (≤30 days) de novo glucose intolerance after HCT, and determined its impact on nonrelapse mortality (NRM).

Effect of high-intensity interval training on patient-reported outcomes and physical function in women with breast cancer receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an 8-week HIIT intervention on patient-reported outcomes and physical function in breast cancer patients undergoing anthracycline-based chemotherapy.

Methods: Thirty breast cancer patients were recruited prior to initiating treatment and randomized into the HIIT group (n = 15) or control (CON) group (n = 15). The HIIT group attended HIIT sessions three days per week for eight weeks.

Aerobic and resistance exercise improves Reynolds risk score in overweight or obese breast cancer survivors.

Background: Breast cancer survivors have double the risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease than age-matched women without a cancer history. Reynolds risk score (RRS) is a validated algorithm for the assessment of cardiovascular disease risk. This secondary analysis sought to examine the effects of a 16-week aerobic and resistance exercise intervention on RRS in overweight or obese breast cancer survivors.

Feasibility of quantifying change in immune white cells in abdominal adipose tissue in response to an immune modulator in clinical obesity.

Background: Obesity is often associated with inflammation in adipose tissue (AT) with release of mediators of atherogenesis. We postulated that it would be feasible to collect sufficient abdominal AT to quantify changes in a broad array of adaptive and innate mononuclear white cells in obese non-diabetic adults in response to a dipeptidyl protease inhibitor (DPP4i), known to inhibit activation of immune white cells.

Methods: Adults 18-55 years-of-age were screened for abdominal obesity and insulin resistance or impaired glucose tolerance but without known inflammatory conditions.

Hispanic ethnicity as a moderator of the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on physical fitness and quality-of-life in breast cancer survivors.

Background: Exercise can profoundly affect physical fitness and quality of life in breast cancer survivors; however, few studies have focused on minorities. This secondary analysis examines Hispanic ethnicity as a moderator of the effects of a 16-week aerobic and resistance exercise intervention on physical fitness and quality of life in breast cancer survivors.

Methods: Eligible breast cancer survivors (n = 100) were randomized to exercise (n = 50) or usual care (n = 50).

Prehabilitative Exercise for the Enhancement of Physical, Psychosocial, and Biological Outcomes Among Patients Diagnosed with Cancer.

Purpose Of Review: This review summarizes the effects of prehabilitative exercise interventions on the physical, psychosocial, and biological outcomes among patients with cancer. Current gaps and future directions in prehabilitative exercise research will be addressed.

Recent Findings: Prehabilitative exercise mitigates the detrimental impact of cancer surgery on physical fitness, noted by increases in maximal oxygen consumption and 6-min walk distance.

Interstitial glucose and subsequent affective and physical feeling states: A pilot study combining continuous glucose monitoring and ecological momentary assessment in adolescents.

Objective: Circulating glucose may relate to affective and physical feeling states reflective of emotional disorder symptoms. No prior studies have investigated within-day associations between glucose and subsequent affective and physical feeling states (positive affect, negative affect, and fatigue) as they occur naturally among healthy adolescents; this pilot study assessed these associations by combining data collected from ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and continuous glucose monitors (CGM).

Methods: Participants (N = 15, mean age = 13.

Effect of High Intensity Interval Training on Matrix Metalloproteinases in Women with Breast Cancer Receiving Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy.

Anthracycline chemotherapy is commonly used to treat breast cancer yet may increase the level of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) -2 and -9, which increase the risk of atherosclerosis. While exercise has been shown to reduce the level of MMP in patients with diabetes, high intensity interval training (HIIT) has not been utilized to improve level of MMP in women with breast cancer receiving anthracycline chemotherapy. Thirty women were randomized to either 8-week HIIT or control (CON) group.

Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Improves Shoulder Function in Women Who Are Overweight or Obese and Have Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Adverse upper limb musculoskeletal effects occur after surgical procedures and radiotherapy for breast cancer and can interfere with activities of daily living.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the effects of a 16-week exercise intervention on shoulder function in women who are overweight or obese and have breast cancer.

Design: This study was a randomized controlled trial.

Feasibility of high intensity interval training in patients with breast Cancer undergoing anthracycline chemotherapy: a randomized pilot trial.

Background: Anthracycline-based chemotherapy is associated with reduced cardiorespiratory fitness in breast cancer patients. High intensity interval training (HIIT) induces greater benefits on cardiorespiratory fitness than moderate continuous aerobic exercise in patients with heart failure. The study purpose was to determine whether a HIIT intervention is a feasible exercise strategy for breast cancer patients undergoing anthracycline-based chemotherapy.

Effects of high-intensity interval training on vascular endothelial function and vascular wall thickness in breast cancer patients receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy: a randomized pilot study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an 8-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) intervention on vascular endothelial function, measured as brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (baFMD), and vascular wall thickness measured by carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) in breast cancer patients undergoing anthracycline-based chemotherapy.

Methods: Thirty women were randomized to either HIIT or non-exercise control groups (CON). The HIIT group participated in an 8-week HIIT intervention occurring three times per week on a cycle ergometer.

Effect of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Intervention on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The Framingham Risk Score (FRS) is a valid method for predicting the 10-year risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Higher FRS is reported in patients with early-stage breast cancer who are overweight than in healthy, age-matched women, but whether exercise reduces FRS in this patient population is unclear.

Objective: To examine the effects of a 16-week aerobic and resistance exercise intervention on the FRS in women with early-stage breast cancer and with overweight condition or obesity.

The Impact of Obesity on Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.

Purpose Of Review: Obesity is a recognized risk factor for the development of breast cancer and recurrence even when patients are treated appropriately. We reviewed the literature that addresses the impact of obesity on diagnosis and the individual therapeutic interventions, and present a summary of the findings.

Recent Findings: Compared to non-obese women with breast cancer, obese women with breast cancer have a worse disease-free and overall survival despite appropriate local and systemic therapies.

Hispanic ethnicity as a moderator of the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise in survivors of breast cancer.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MSY) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and recurrence in breast cancer survivors (BCS). MSY is 1.5 times more common in Hispanic women compared with non-Hispanic women.

Aerobic and resistance exercise improves physical fitness, bone health, and quality of life in overweight and obese breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Exercise is an effective strategy to improve quality of life and physical fitness in breast cancer survivors; however, few studies have focused on the early survivorship period, minorities, physically inactive and obese women, or tested a combined exercise program and measured bone health. Here, we report the effects of a 16-week aerobic and resistance exercise intervention on patient-reported outcomes, physical fitness, and bone health in ethnically diverse, physically inactive, overweight or obese breast cancer survivors.

Methods: One hundred breast cancer survivors within 6 months of completing adjuvant treatment were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up (exercise group only) for physical fitness, bone mineral density, serum concentrations of bone biomarkers, and quality of life.