Multiplexed electrochemical protein coding based on quantum dot (QD)-bioconjugates for a clinical barcode system.

An ultrasensitive imumunodiagnostic readout method based on an electrochemical analysis is presented. Different high-quality quantum dot (QD) nanocrystals (ZnS, CdS, and PbS) are tagged to antibodies for the on-site voltammetric stripping measurements of multiple antigen targets. These encoding QD tracers with distinct redox potential yield highly sensitive and selective stripping peaks at -1.