Publications by authors named "Kyungmin Lee"

Non-Hermitian systems can be tuned to exhibit exceptional points, where both eigenvalues and eigenstates coalesce concurrently. The inherent adaptability of photonic non-Hermitian systems in configuring gain and loss has allowed us to observe a plethora of counterintuitive phenomena, largely as a consequence of the eigenspace reduction at these exceptional points. In this work, we propose a non-Hermitian metasurface that, through the incorporation of gain, enables complete asymmetric polarization conversion at an exceptional point with a zero eigenvalue.

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The COVID-19 pandemic forced the rapid development of methods to measure humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2. The lack of a global standardized protocol and the high variability of intra- and inter-assay precision of the T-cell response made it difficult to compare T-cell assay results with those of other laboratories. The interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (IFN-γ ELISpot) assay for immunogenicity evaluation was validated using naturally infected donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells, a commercially available IFN-γ ELISpot kit, and a SARS-CoV-2 specific peptide pool.

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  • Luminal Androgen Receptor (LAR) triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) show high PIK3CA mutation rates and express androgen receptors, leading researchers to explore the effects of combining CDK4/6 and PI3K signaling inhibitors.
  • The combination of palbociclib and capivasertib was found to significantly inhibit the growth of LAR TNBC cells, outperforming the palbociclib and alpelisib combination, while the AR antagonist enzalutamide showed no effectiveness.
  • The study indicates that the adaptive response to CDK4/6 inhibition involves PDGFRβ signaling, and suggests testing combined CDK4/6 and AKT inhibitors, as well as PD
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IL-2 therapy, which enhances the function of CD8 + T cells, was initially employed as the cornerstone of immunotherapy against cancer. However, the impact of this therapy extends beyond CD8 + T cells to cells expressing IL-2R, such as endothelial cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs), resulting in various side effects. Consequently, IL-2 therapy has taken a step back from the forefront of treatment.

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It has been reported that the retinal vessel and macular region of the retina are displaced after macular hole (MH) surgery. However, there is no detailed information for correlations between retinal and choroidal displacements. We obtained optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and en-face optical coherence tomography (OCT) images from 24 eyes to measure the retinal and choroidal vascular displacement before and after surgery.

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Background: A preanesthetic evaluation interview with an anesthesiologist is essential for patient safety, however, it is not performed adequately owing to the excessive workload of doctors. This study aimed to determine whether video-assisted preanesthetic patient education can reduce patient interview time and solve the problem of excessive labor at a relatively low cost.

Methods: This study considered relatively healthy patients aged 19 to 65 years who were scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia.

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Ropivacaine hydrochloride (RPL) is a local anesthetic agent that has been widely used for the treatment of pain during or after surgery. However, this drug is only available in parenteral dosage form and may contribute to the infiltration of RPL into the plasma, causing some undesirable side effects. Intradermal delivery of RPL using dissolving microneedles may become a promising strategy to deliver such drugs into the skin.

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Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) are valuable in predicting response to cancer therapy. PDOs are ideal models for precision oncologists. However, their practical application in guiding timely clinical decisions remains challenging.

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  • This study focuses on improving facial reconstructions by using more variables related to skeletal and soft tissue structures.
  • Researchers analyzed cone-beam CT scans from 130 individuals to explore the relationship between certain facial measurements and mouth width.
  • The findings indicate that orbital width, nasal width, and intercanine width are strong indicators for accurately predicting mouth width, which can enhance oral and maxillofacial reconstructions.
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In this study, we present a novel method for controlling the growth of perovskite crystals in the vacuum thermal evaporation process by utilizing a vacuum-processable additive, propylene urea (PU). By coevaporation of perovskite precursors with PU to form the perovskite layer, PU, acting as a Lewis base additive, retards the direct reaction between the perovskite precursors. This facilitates a larger domain size and reduced defect density.

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The SARS-CoV-2 caused COVID-19 pandemic has posed a global health hazard. While some vaccines have been developed, protection against viral infection is not perfect because of the urgent approval process and the emergence of mutant SARS-CoV-2 variants. Here, we employed UDCA as an FXR antagonist to regulate ACE2 expression, which is one of the key pathways activated by SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant infection.

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  • Patient isolation units (PIUs) are effective for infection control, but optimizing their design typically requires extensive computational resources, which this study aims to address using data-driven models.
  • The study used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to examine how various PIU settings and room conditions impact ventilation and isolation, focusing on airflow patterns and particle dispersion from coughing.
  • Key findings indicate that while physical isolation alone isn't enough to stop particle spread, the addition of a fan filter unit (FFU) significantly improves isolation performance, with its positioning being the most crucial factor influencing PIU effectiveness.
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CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) have improved survival of patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. However, patients treated with CDK4/6i eventually develop drug resistance and progress. RB1 loss-of-function alterations confer resistance to CDK4/6i, but the optimal therapy for these patients is unclear.

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Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61) is a protein from the CCN family of matricellular proteins that play diverse regulatory roles in the extracellular matrix. CYR61 is involved in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and senescence. Here, we show that CYR61 induces chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

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Background: Despite the established efficacy of vericiguat compared to placebo, uncertainties remain regarding its comparative efficacy to sacubitril/valsartan for patients with heart failure reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). This study aimed to assess the relative efficacy of vericiguat and sacubitril/valsartan through a systematic review, network meta-analysis, and non-inferiority tests.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted to identify the randomized phase 3 clinical trials involving vericiguat and sacubitril/valsartan.

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  • * The study found that piceamycin suppresses key genes involved in tumor growth and metastasis while also disrupting cell invasion and migration.
  • * A combination of piceamycin and gemcitabine enhances their effectiveness, suggesting a potential new strategy for combating resistance in pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Objective: The purpose of this article was to introduce a method for the digital application of three-dimensional (3D) diagnosis and treatment with a virtual articulator and 3D data.

Clinical Consideration: With the use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and intraoral and facial scans, we can create a virtual articulator and evaluate the mandibular position in maximum intercuspation and centric-related occlusion for the patient with an unstable occlusion and temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Based on this, we treated a case using a digital mandibular position indicator (MPI) and fabricated a stabilization splint using a 3D printer.

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Consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated food can cause severe illness when consumed by humans or livestock. Because the mycotoxin frequently occurs in cereal grains and other agricultural crops, it is crucial to develop portable devices that can be used non-destructively and in real-time to identify aflatoxin-contaminated food materials during early stages of harvesting or processing. In this study, an aflatoxin detection method was developed using a compact Raman device that can be used in the field.

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Commercial animal feed in Texas was characterized by determining natural gamma emitters including K,Cs, and Uranium (U and U) and Thorium (Th) series to obtain basic radioactivity values. The measured activity concentration of natural radionuclides in animal feed was low enough for safe consumption by animal and largely depended on the type of animal feed.K was the predominant radionuclide showing the highest activity concentration in animal feed.

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Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN)-based computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD) system to detect facial asymmetry on posteroanterior (PA) cephalograms and compare the results of the DCNN with those made by the orthodontist.

Materials And Methods: PA cephalograms of 1020 patients with orthodontics were used to train the DCNN-based CAD systems for autoassessment of facial asymmetry, the degree of menton deviation, and the coordinates of its regarding landmarks. Twenty-five PA cephalograms were used to test the performance of the DCNN in analyzing facial asymmetry.

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Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a severe complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation driven by activated allogeneic T cells. Here, we identify a distinct subset of T cell factor-1 (TCF1) CD8 T cells in mouse allogeneic and xenogeneic transplant models of acute GvHD. These TCF1 cells exhibit distinct characteristics compared to TCF1 cells, including lower expression of inhibitory receptors and higher expression of costimulatory molecules.

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GroundBIRD is a ground-based telescope for measuring the polarization of cosmic microwave background radiation, and it is soon to be operational at the Teide Observatory. The GroundBIRD telescope employs Mizuguchi-Dragone dual reflectors and 161 kinetic inductance detectors coupled with single polarization antennas as photon detectors. We present the results of our optical simulation on the pointing direction, stray light response, and influence of the blackbody radiation from the baffle.

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Aflatoxins and fumonisins, commonly found in maize and maize-derived products, frequently co-occur and can cause dangerous illness in humans and animals if ingested in large amounts. Efforts are being made to develop suitable analytical methods for screening that can rapidly detect mycotoxins in order to prevent illness through early detection. A method for classifying contaminated maize by applying hyperspectral imaging techniques including reflectance in the visible and near-infrared (VNIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) regions, and fluorescence was investigated.

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CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) have improved survival of patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. However, patients treated with CDK4/6i eventually develop drug resistance and progress. loss-of-function alterations confer acquired resistance to CDK4/6i, but the optimal therapy for these patients is unclear.

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