Low-frequency auricular vagus nerve stimulation facilitates cerebrospinal fluid influx by promoting vasomotion.

Auricular vagus nerve stimulation (aVNS) is one of the promising neuromodulation techniques due to its non-invasiveness, convenience, and effectiveness. aVNS has been suggested as a potential treatment for neurodegenerative diseases showing impaired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics. Improving CSF flow has been proposed as a key mechanism of the therapeutic effect on neurodegenerative diseases.

Machine learning-based evaluation of spontaneous pain and analgesics from cellular calcium signals in the mouse primary somatosensory cortex using explainable features.

Introduction: Pain that arises spontaneously is considered more clinically relevant than pain evoked by external stimuli. However, measuring spontaneous pain in animal models in preclinical studies is challenging due to methodological limitations. To address this issue, recently we developed a deep learning (DL) model to assess spontaneous pain using cellular calcium signals of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) in awake head-fixed mice.

Approval status and characteristics of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among Korean workers in 2020.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) in occupational disease claims and identify patterns of WRMSDs for each body part by industry and occupation.

Methods: This study analyzed the raw data of occupational disease claims for musculoskeletal disorders deliberated by the Occupational Disease Decision Committee of the Korea Workers' Compensation & Welfare Service in 2020. The data was classified into 6 body parts with the highest numbers of occupational disease cases by using the complete enumeration data on principal diagnoses and 4 types of subdiagnoses in the raw data.

5-HT receptors mediate the analgesic effect of rosavin in a mouse model of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathic pain.

Oxaliplatin, a third-generation platinum derivative, is the mainstay of current antineoplastic medications for advanced colorectal cancer therapy. However, peripheral neuropathic complications, especially cold allodynia, undermine the lifeprolonging outcome of this anti-cancer agent. Rosavin, a phenylpropanoid derived originally from , exhibits a wide range of therapeutic properties.

Analysis of the Change Patterns of Sagittal Alignment Values After Selective Thoracic Fusion in Lenke 1 Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis According to Preoperative Thoracic Kyphosis Status.

Study Design: This was a retrospective study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to demonstrate the different change patterns in reciprocal sagittal alignment values after selective thoracic fusion (STF) in Lenke type 1 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) according to preoperative thoracic kyphosis (TK).

Summary Of Background Data: Several studies have found significant increase in TK after STF, while other studies have reported decrease in TK postoperatively.

Minimum Three-year Follow-up of Specific Functional Disabilities After Multilevel Lumbar Fusion: Comparison of Long-level and Short-level Fusion.

Study Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Objective: To evaluate specific functional disabilities after short- and long-level lumbar fusion.

Summary Of Background Data: The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) cannot represent all types of functional disabilities observed after lumbar fusion and a region-specific Functional Disability Index (SFDI) is necessary.

Occupational cancer claims in Korea from 2010 to 2016.

Background: Research on carcinogens causing occupational cancer has been updated. Further, social interest in occupational cancer has increased. In addition, the standard for recognizing cancer as a work-related disease has also been revised.

Radiological and clinical long-term results of heterotopic ossification following lumbar total disc replacement.

Background: The long-term results of heterotopic ossification (HO) following lumbar total disc replacement (TDR) and the corresponding clinical and radiological outcomes are unclear.

Purpose: This study aimed to report the long-term results of HO following lumbar TDR and to analyze the clinical and radiological outcomes.

Study Design/setting: A retrospective case review was performed for the consecutive patients who underwent lumbar TDR.

Characteristics and Efficacy of a New 3-Dimensional Printed Mesh Structure Titanium Alloy Spacer for Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion.

This study evaluated the characteristics of a newly developed 3-dimensional printed mesh structure titanium spacer and its efficacy for posterior lumbar interbody fusion. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion with this spacer was performed at 53 segments (40 patients; mean age, 64 years; range, 51-73 years). Data were collected prospectively.

Reducing false-positive incidental findings with ensemble genotyping and logistic regression based variant filtering methods.

As whole genome sequencing (WGS) uncovers variants associated with rare and common diseases, an immediate challenge is to minimize false-positive findings due to sequencing and variant calling errors. False positives can be reduced by combining results from orthogonal sequencing methods, but costly. Here, we present variant filtering approaches using logistic regression (LR) and ensemble genotyping to minimize false positives without sacrificing sensitivity.

Prioritizing disease-linked variants, genes, and pathways with an interactive whole-genome analysis pipeline.

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) studies are uncovering disease-associated variants in both rare and nonrare diseases. Utilizing the next-generation sequencing for WGS requires a series of computational methods for alignment, variant detection, and annotation, and the accuracy and reproducibility of annotation results are essential for clinical implementation. However, annotating WGS with up to date genomic information is still challenging for biomedical researchers.

50 years of publication in the field of medical education.

Background: The advent of new medical education (ME) journals makes evident the growth of the field of ME. However, the nature and context of growth is undefined.

Aim: To analyze the evolution of publication in ME.

gSearch: a fast and flexible general search tool for whole-genome sequencing.

Background: Various processes such as annotation and filtering of variants or comparison of variants in different genomes are required in whole-genome or exome analysis pipelines. However, processing different databases and searching among millions of genomic loci is not trivial.

Results: gSearch compares sequence variants in the Genome Variation Format (GVF) or Variant Call Format (VCF) with a pre-compiled annotation or with variants in other genomes.

Coordination of trunk and pelvis in young and elderly individuals during axial trunk rotation.

It has been well known that complex tasks such as walking and arm reaching can be achieved by the coordination of the trunk and pelvis. However, understanding of the effect of aging on the coordination of the trunk and pelvis during axial trunk rotation is still lacking. The present study examined relative phase of the trunk and pelvis during axial trunk rotation, and compared it between young and older groups.

Tendon impingement of the extensor digiti minimi: clinical cases series and cadaveric study.

The authors describe two unique clinical cases of closed extensor digiti minimi (EDM) tendon injuries after hyperflexion of the wrist with full finger flexion and one case of chronic tenosynovitis around the EDM tendon. All three cases were thought to be related to the bifurcation of the EDM tendon and synovial septum. Subsequently, variations in EDM tendons were investigated in 49 cadaveric hands with a focus on patterns of tendon bifurcation and their relationships with the surrounding synovial sheath.

A case of sparganosis in the leg.

The life-span of the sparganum in humans is not exactly known, but it may survive longer than 5 years in some patients. We experienced a case infected with a sparganum that is presumed to have lived for 20 years in a patient's leg. The patient was a 60-year-old woman, and she was admitted to a hospital due to ankle pain that was aggravated on dorsiflexion.

CompleteMOTIFs: DNA motif discovery platform for transcription factor binding experiments.

Unlabelled: CompleteMOTIFs (cMOTIFs) is an integrated web tool developed to facilitate systematic discovery of overrepresented transcription factor binding motifs from high-throughput chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments. Comprehensive annotations and Boolean logic operations on multiple peak locations enable users to focus on genomic regions of interest for de novo motif discovery using tools such as MEME, Weeder and ChIPMunk. The pipeline incorporates a scanning tool for known motifs from TRANSFAC and JASPAR databases, and performs an enrichment test using local or precalculated background models that significantly improve the motif scanning result.

Does collocation inform the impact of collaboration?

Background: It has been shown that large interdisciplinary teams working across geography are more likely to be impactful. We asked whether the physical proximity of collaborators remained a strong predictor of the scientific impact of their research as measured by citations of the resulting publications.

Methodology/principal Findings: Articles published by Harvard investigators from 1993 to 2003 with at least two authors were identified in the domain of biomedical science.

An assessment of histone-modification antibody quality.

We have tested the specificity and utility of more than 200 antibodies raised against 57 different histone modifications in Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans and human cells. Although most antibodies performed well, more than 25% failed specificity tests by dot blot or western blot. Among specific antibodies, more than 20% failed in chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments.

Identification of genes upregulated by pinewood nematode inoculation in Japanese red pine.

Pine wilt disease caused by the pinewood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner et Buhrer) Nickle, has destroyed huge areas of pine forest in East Asia, including Japan, China and Korea. No protection against PWN has been developed, and the responses of pine trees at the molecular level are unrecorded. We isolated and analyzed upregulated or newly induced genes from PWN-inoculated Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb.

Genomic analysis of mouse retinal development.

The vertebrate retina is comprised of seven major cell types that are generated in overlapping but well-defined intervals. To identify genes that might regulate retinal development, gene expression in the developing retina was profiled at multiple time points using serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE). The expression patterns of 1,051 genes that showed developmentally dynamic expression by SAGE were investigated using in situ hybridization.

PGAGENE: integrating quantitative gene-specific results from the NHLBI programs for genomic applications.

PGAGENE is a web-based gene-specific genomic data search engine, which allows users to search over 5.9 million pieces of collective genetic and genomic data from the NHLBI supported Programs for Genomic Applications. This data includes microarray measurements, SNPs, and mutations, and data may be found using symbols, parts of gene names or products, Affymetrix probe IDs, GenBank accession numbers, UniGene IDs, dbSNP IDs, and others.