Antimicrobial Activity of L. Root Extracts against the Acne-Causing Bacterium, and Its Active Compounds.

The root of L. is used in traditional Korean medicine. We found that the L.

Publisher Correction: Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots Derived from Coal for Bioimaging: Facile and Green Approach.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

A facile and efficient method for the synthesis of crystalline tetrahydro-β-carbolines via the Pictet-Spengler reaction in water.

A facile and efficient synthesis of tetrahydro-β-carbolines (tryptolines) in one step from tryptamine and aldehydes, in an environmentally friendly water solvent, has been investigated. This convenient and clean synthesis of various tryptolines was facilitated by L-tartaric acid, a natural compound, to obtain the desired products as clear crystals. Among the four crystalline products, the most substituted tryptoline 2 showed the best inhibitory activity against EJ cells and the least cytotoxicity, with an LC value of 1.

Optimal Design of Patient-Specific Total Knee Arthroplasty for Improvement in Wear Performance.

Life expectancy is on the rise and, concurrently, the demand for total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which lasts a lifetime, is increasing. To meet this demand, improved TKA designs have been introduced. Recent advances in radiography and manufacturing techniques have enabled the production of patient-specific TKA.

Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots Derived from Coal for Bioimaging: Facile and Green Approach.

Graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) are usually prepared using expensive carbon precursors such as carbon nanotubes (CNT) or graphene under the strong acidic condition, which requires an additional purifying process. Here, we first develop a facile pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) technique for preparing GOQDs using earth-abundant and low-cost coal as a precursor. Only ethanol and coal are used to produce GOQDs with excellent optical properties.

MgF2-coated porous magnesium/alumina scaffolds with improved strength, corrosion resistance, and biological performance for biomedical applications.

Porous magnesium (Mg) has recently emerged as a promising biodegradable alternative to biometal for bone ingrowth; however, its low mechanical properties and high corrosion rate in biological environments remain problematic. In this study, porous magnesium was implemented in a scaffold that closely mimics the mechanical properties of human bones with a controlled degradation rate and shows good biocompatibility to match the regeneration rate of bone tissue at the affected site. The alumina-reinforced Mg scaffold was produced by spark plasma sintering and coated with magnesium fluoride (MgF2) using a hydrofluoric acid solution to regulate the corrosion rate under physiological conditions.

Fully printed flexible and disposable wireless cyclic voltammetry tag.

A disposable cyclic voltammetry (CV) tag is printed on a plastic film by integrating wireless power transmitter, polarized triangle wave generator, electrochemical cell and signage through a scalable gravure printing method. By proximity of 13.56 MHz RF reader, the printed CV tag generates 320 mHz of triangular sweep wave from +500 mV to -500 mV which enable to scan a printed electrochemical cell in the CV tag.

Ethanol Production from Glycerol by the Yeast Pachysolen tannophilus Immobilized on Celite during Repeated-Batch Flask Culture.

We investigated a novel process for production of ethanol from glycerol using the yeast Pachysolen tannophilus. After optimization of the fermentation medium, repeated-batch flask culture was performed over a period of 378 hr using yeast cells immobilized on Celite. Our results indicated that the use of Celite for immobilization of P.

Evaluating Carriers for Immobilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Ethanol Production in a Continuous Column Reactor.

We evaluated a more practical and cost-effective immobilization carriers for ethanol production using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Three candidate materials-rice hull, rice straw, and sawdust-were tested for their cell-adsorption capacity and operational durability. Derivatizations of rice hull, rice straw, and sawdust with the optimal concentration of 0.

Ethanol production from glycerol using immobilized Pachysolen tannophilus during microaerated repeated-batch fermentor culture.

Herein, we established a repeated-batch process for ethanol production from glycerol by immobilized Pachysolen tannophilus. The aim of this study was to develop a more practical and applicable ethanol production process for biofuel. In particular, using industrial-grade medium ingredients, the microaeration rate was optimized for maximization of the ethanol production, and the relevant metabolic parameters were then analyzed.

Escherichia coli β-galactosidase-catalyzed synthesis of 2-phenoxyethanol galactoside and its characterization.

We synthesized 2-phenoxyethanol galactoside (PE-Gal) from 2-phenoxyethanol (PE), in which Escherichia coli β-gal (as E. coli cells) and lactose were added in the reaction mixture for galactosylation. About 40 mM PE-Gal was maximally synthesized from about 80 mM PE at 24 h as about 50% conversion yield.

Enzymatic synthesis of 2-phenoxyethanol galactoside by whole cells of β-galactosidase-containing Escherichia coli.

We investigated whether β-galactosidase (β-gal)-containing Escherichia coli cells could transfer a galactose to 2-phenoxyethanol, resulting in 2-phenoxyethanol galactoside (PE-Gal). PE-Gal was confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. In addition, we also confirmed that a galactose molecule was covalently bonded with PE during thin-layer chromatography analysis of the β-gal hydrolysate of PE-Gal.

Two-step process using immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stipitis for ethanol production from Ulva pertusa Kjellman hydrolysate.

We established a two-step production process using immobilized S. cerevisiae and P. stipitis yeast to produce ethanol from seaweed (U.

Production of chlorphenesin galactoside by whole cells of β-galactosidase-containing Escherichia coli.

We investigated the transgalactosylation reaction of chlorphenesin (CPN) using β-galactosidase (β-gal)-containing Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells, in which galactose from lactose was transferred to CPN. The optimal CPN concentration for CPN galactoside (CPN-G) synthesis was observed at 40 mM under the conditions that lactose and β-gal (as E.

β-galactosidase-catalyzed synthesis of galactosyl chlorphenesin and its characterization.

We synthesized galactosyl chlorphenesin (CPN-G) using β-gal-containing Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells in which the conversion yield of chlorphenesin (CPN) to CPN-G reached about 64 % during 12 h. CPN-G was identified and characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, Fourier transform-infrared spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis ((1)H and (13)C).

Stable isolation of phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis associated with high-pressure extraction process.

A method for stably purifying a functional dye, phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis was developed by a hexane extraction process combined with high pressure. This was necessary because this dye is known to be very unstable during normal extraction processes. The purification yield of this method was estimated as 10.

Preparation of corncob grits as a carrier for immobilizing yeast cells for ethanol production.

In this study, DEAE-corncobs [delignified corncob grits derivatized with 2-(diethylamino)ethyl chloride hydrochloride (DEAE·HCl)] were prepared as a carrier to immobilize yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) for ethanol production. The immobilized yeast cell reactor produced ethanol under optimized DEAE·HCl derivatization and adsorption conditions between yeast cells and the DEAE-corncobs. When delignified corncob grit (3.

Long-term repeated-batch operation of immobilized Escherichia coli cells to synthesize galactooligosaccharide.

In this study, we investigated whether galactooligosaccharide (GOS) can be stably and steadily synthesized using immobilized beta-galactosidase (β-gal) inclusion body (IB)- containing E. coli cells during long-term repeated-batch operation. To improve the operational stability of this enzyme reactor system, immobilized E.

All printed edge-triggered register using single walled carbon nanotube-based thin film transistor.

We have studied the fabrication of Single Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWNT)-based Thin Film Transistors (TFTs) using Roll-to-Roll (R2R) gravure printer and inkjet printer on PET foils to show the possibility of printed electronics in point of mass production and low cost. In this paper, for realization of all printed multi-bits digital circuit, all printed positive-edge triggered master-slave D flip-flop (DFF) was fabricated on PET foil using printed SWNT TFTs. The printed DFF, consists of 8 NAND gates and 4 inverters, exhibit propagation delay of 75 ms at the input clock signal of 5 Hz.

Development of a practical and cost-effective medium for bioethanol production from the seaweed hydrolysate in surface-aerated fermentor by repeated-batch operation.

To develop a practical and cost-effective medium for bioethanol production from the hydrolysate of seaweed Sargassum sagamianum, we investigated the feasibility and performance of bioethanol production in CSL (cornsteep liquor)-containing medium, where yeast Pichia stipitis was used and the repeated batch was carried out in a surface-aerated fermentor. The optimal medium replacement time during the repeated operation was determined to be 36 h, and the surface aeration rates were 30 and 100 ml/min. Under these conditions, the repeatedbatch operation was successfully carried out for 6 runs (216 h), in which the maximum bioethanol concentrations reached about 11-12 g/l at each batch operation.

Galactooligosaccharide synthesis by active β-galactosidase inclusion bodies-containing Escherichia coli cells.

In this study, galactooligosaccharide (GOS) was synthesized using active β-galactosidase (beta-gal) inclusion bodies (IBs)- containing Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells. Analysis by MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionizationtime of flight) mass spectrometry revealed that a trisaccharide was the major constituent of the synthesized GOS mixture.

Complete genome sequence of strain s85, a novel member of the family Flavobacteriaceae.

An agar-degrading marine bacterium identified as a novel member of the family Flavobacteriaceae (strain S85) was isolated from seawater in Micronesia. The sequenced strain S85 genome is composed of 3,384,629 bp in a circular chromosome, which includes 2,883 complete open reading frames.

Repeated-batch operation of immobilized β-galactosidase inclusion bodies-containing Escherichia coli cell reactor for lactose hydrolysis.

In this study, we investigated the performance of an immobilized β-galactosidase inclusion bodies-containing Escherichia coli cell reactor, where the cells were immobilized in alginate beads, which were then used in repeated-batch operations for the hydrolysis of o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactoside or lactose over the long-term. In particular, in the Tris buffer system, disintegration of the alginate beads was not observed during the operation, which was observed for the phosphate buffer system. The o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactoside hydrolysis was operated successfully up to about 80 h, and the runs were successfully repeated at least eight times.

Repeated-batch operation of surface-aerated fermentor for bioethanol production from the hydrolysate of seaweed Sargassum sagamianum.

In this study, we investigated the feasibility of sustainable long-term bioethanol production from the hydrolysate of a brown seaweed, Sargassum sagamianum. Because the hydrolysate was prepared as a liquid solution using a hightemperature liquefying system, a repeated-batch operation was utilized as the operational strategy for bioethanol production. Additionally, we used surface aeration to improve bioethanol production from the hydrolysate containing C5 monosaccharides such as xylose.

Preparation of branched dextran microspheres of soluble interferon-alpha and its activity in vitro and in vivo.

The study objective was to prepare biodegradable branched dextran microspheres encapsulated with His-tagged interferon-alpha (BDM-hIFN-alpha) and evaluate its activity in vitro and in vivo. The glycidyl methacrylate derivatized dextrans (Dex-GMA) as precursor was primarily synthesized by substituting hydroxyl groups of either the branched or linear type of dextran with GMA. Dex-GMA microspheres loaded with hIFN-alpha was then prepared by the water-in-water emulsion technique.