Effect of Dexmedetomidine Preconditioning on Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Acute Hyperglycemic Rats.

Background: Acute hyperglycemia frequently occurs in stressful situations, including liver transplantation or hepatic surgery, which may affect the protective effects of dexmedetomidine preconditioning and increase postoperative mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in acute hyperglycemia.

Methods: Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 6 groups, including a combination between 2 glycemic (normo- and hyperglycemia) and 3 ischemia-reperfusion conditions (sham, ischemia-reperfusion only, and dexmedetomidine plus ischemia-reperfusion).

Anesthetic management for inhibiting sympathetic activation in an adolescent patient diagnosed with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and undergoing left cardiac sympathetic denervation: A case report.

Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a genetic disorder in which catecholamine release during exercise or emotional stress cause fatal tachyarrhythmias. In this paper, we discuss methods to minimize the sympathetic stimulation that can occur during the perioperative period in patients undergoing left cardiac sympathetic denervation to surgically treat CPVT.

Effect of Minimum Bronchial Cuff Volume of Left-Sided Double-Lumen Tube for One-Lung Ventilation on the Change in Bronchial Cuff Pressure during Lateral Positioning in Thoracic Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study.

The minimum bronchial cuff volume (BCVmin) of a double-lumen tube (DLT) without air leaks during lung isolation may vary among individuals, and lateral positioning could increase the bronchial cuff pressure (BCP). We investigated the effect of initially established BCVmin (BCVi) on the change in BCP by lateral positioning. Seventy patients who underwent elective lung surgery were recruited and divided into two groups according to the BCVi obtained during anesthetic induction in each patient.

Infection prevention measures and outcomes for surgical patients during a COVID-19 outbreak in a tertiary hospital in Daegu, South Korea: a retrospective observational study.

Backgruound: The first large coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak outside China occurred in Daegu. In response, we developed infection prevention measures for surgical patients during the outbreak at our hospital and retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of COVID-19-related surgical patients.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 118 COVID-19-related surgical patients and monitored their clinical outcomes until March 31, 2021.

The Role of Dexmedetomidine in Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via a Nitric Oxide-Dependent Mechanism in Rats.

Background: Dexmedetomidine is known to protect against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) in various organs; however, the mechanisms of dexmedetomidine in the liver remain unclear. We investigated whether dexmedetomidine preconditioning leads to hepatic protection and whether nitric oxide was associated with this protective mechanism by employing N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), a nitrous oxide synthase inhibitor.

Methods: Experiment 1 included 24 rats in 4 groups: sham, IR, 30 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine, and 50 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine.

Analgesic Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Preoperative Unilateral Lateral Quadratus Lumborum Block for Laparoscopic Nephrectomy: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Controlled Trial.

Purpose: The quadratus lumborum block (QLB) is a relatively new regional analgesic technique that could provide analgesia to the abdominal wall and reduce postoperative opioid consumption. We investigated the opioid-sparing effect of a unilateral lateral QLB in laparoscopic nephrectomy.

Patients And Methods: A total of 60 patients undergoing laparoscopic nephrectomy were included in the study.

The effect of preoperative nefopam treatment on postoperative catheter-related bladder discomfort in patients undergoing transurethral bladder tumor resection: a randomized double-blind study.

Background: Catheter-related bladder discomfort (C.R.B.

A liver transplant recipient with possible bupivacaine-induced liver injury caused by intra-articular injection after total knee arthroplasty: A case report.

Rationale: Although the survival period of patients who undergo liver transplantation is improving due to advances in surgical techniques and medical treatment, there is a lack of detailed, sufficient data that compare the choice of anesthetic agent in post-liver transplant surgery to avoid liver injury.

Patient Concerns: The authors describe acute liver injury observed in a 61-year-old man who underwent liver transplantation surgery 13 years previously and who was on immunosuppressive therapy. The patient underwent bilateral total knee arthroplasty under general anesthesia, for which a total of 200 mg bupivacaine was injected into each knee after wound closure.

A case report of Tapia's syndrome after mastectomy and breast reconstruction under general anesthesia.

Rationale: Tapia's syndrome is a rare and potentially anesthesia-related complication that may cause considerable distress to the patient. Here we describe a case of unilateral Tapia's syndrome in a patient undergoing a skin sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported in the literature.

Patient Concerns: A 41-years old female underwent right skin sparing total mastectomy and breast reconstruction with latissimus dorsi flap under general anesthesia.

The malposition of a central venous catheter through a sheath introducer via the left internal jugular vein: A case report.

Rationale: The misplacement of central venous catheter (CVC) can occur more often at the left jugular vein than the right side due to anatomic differences. And many of the previously reported cases are about catheter misplacement resulting from vessel penetration associated with guidewire. This case differs that the catheter itself through the sheath introducer can cause venous injury that may lead to the malposition of CVC particularly through an approach to the left internal jugular vein.

Postdural puncture headache.

Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is a common complication after inadvertent dural puncture. Risks factors include female sex, young age, pregnancy, vaginal delivery, low body mass index, and being a non-smoker. Needle size, design, and the technique used also affect the risk.

Treatment of radiation-induced cystitis and vulvodynia via a ganglion impar block using a lateral approach under computed tomography guidance: a case report.

Adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) after colorectal cancer surgery can prevent local recurrence, but has several side effects. Precise injection of drugs into the affected areas is complicated by radiation-induced fibrosis of soft or connective tissue. A 48-year-old woman experienced severe intractable perineal pain, dysuria, urinary urgency, and frequent urination after rectal cancer surgery and adjuvant RT, and was diagnosed with radiation-induced cystitis and vulvodynia.

[The effect of palonosetron on rocuronium-induced withdrawal movement].

Background: Rocuronium causes pain and withdrawal movement during induction of anesthesia. In this study, palonosetron was investigated to have analgesic effect on the reduction of rocuronium-induced withdrawal movement.

Methods: 120 patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups to receive either saline, lidocaine 20mg, or palonosetron 0.

An evaluation of the healthy immigrant effect with adolescents in Canada: Examinations of gender and length of residence.

Background: The healthy immigrant effect, HIE, is the finding that immigrants initially arrive in the settlement society in the same or better health than their native-born counterparts, yet this advantage is lost as their length of residence increases. This phenomenon has been found among adult populations.

Objective: The present study sought to extend the premise of HIE to adolescents in Canada.

Bronchoconstriction following instillation of phenylephrine eye drops in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: two cases report.

Premature infants requiring an ophthalmic examination or even surgery for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) have a high prevalence of co-existing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Reactive airway is one of the clinical presentations of BPD. We report two cases of bronchoconstriction following instillation of mydriatic eye drops.

A comparative study of early maladaptive schemas in obsessive-compulsive disorder and panic disorder.

Schema theory and therapy may be an additional therapeutic approach to identify and treat chronic psychological problems, namely early maladaptive schemas (EMSs), in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and panic disorder (PAD). In the current study, we investigated the characteristics in EMSs between patients with OCD and PAD. Fifty-one patients with OCD, 46 patients with PAD, and 70 normal controls participated in this study.

Effect of local wound infiltration and transversus abdominis plane block on morphine use after laparoscopic colectomy: a nonrandomized, single-blind prospective study.

Background: Recently, nonopioid-based treatment modalities have been used to improve analgesia and decrease opioid-related side effects after surgery. Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block and local infiltration of the surgical wound are commonly used multimodal analgesia techniques after abdominal surgery; however, few studies have compared the effectiveness of a TAP block with that of local infiltration of surgical wounds in patients who have undergone laparoscopic colorectal surgery.

Materials And Methods: Sixty patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery participated in this prospective comparative study.

Adolescent health and adaptation in Canada: examination of gender and age aspects of the healthy immigrant effect.

Introduction: A longstanding and widely held assumption is that immigrants suffer from ill health and adaptation problems. Yet recent studies show that immigrants report the same or better state of health compared to their native-born counterparts. This phenomenon, known as the healthy immigrant effect, has been found in studies of specific health conditions of adults.

Unexpected and severe postintubation croup after a very short day surgery in a pediatric patient: a case report.

An 18 month-old boy underwent endoscopic foreign body removal under anesthesia on an outpatient basis and the operation took approximately 5 minutes. Stridor developed in both lung fields 6 hours after emergence from anesthesia, and severe croup developed, with cyanosis of the lips and aggravated stridor 20 hours after the end of the procedure. The croup resolved with oxygen therapy, intravenous dexamethasone, and epinephrine nebulization therapy.

Clinical usefulness of fracture site in situ block on lumbar spine transverse process fracture.

Lumbar spine transverse process fractures (LSTPFs) are uncommon and frequently overlooked on plain film radiographs. Even when recognized, they are often regarded as trivial and minimally painful injuries compared with combined serious major abdominal, pelvic, and spinal injuries. Conservative treatments are usually offered to patients with LSTPFs.