Comparative Study of Dimeric Fibroblast Activation Protein-Targeting Radioligands Labeled with Fluorine-18, Copper-64, and Gallium-68.

Fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPIs) labeled with gallium-68 and lutetium-177 show potential for use in the diagnosis and treatment of various cancers expressing FAP. However, Lu-labeled FAPIs often exhibit short tumor retention time, limiting their therapeutic applications. To improve tumor retention, we synthesized three radiolabeled dimeric FAPIs, [F], [Cu], and [Ga].

Dual-porous ZIF-8 heterogeneous catalysts with increased reaction sites for efficient PET glycolysis.

Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) has been widely used for drink bottles, food packing, films, and fibers, resulting in millions of tons of waste PET. Less than 10% of that waste is recycled, and the rest is discarded or incinerated. Waste PET upcycling employs chemical recycling and particularly glycolysis to create the bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) monomer.

PET imaging of colon cancer CD73 expression using cysteine site-specific Zr-labeled anti-CD73 antibody.

CD73 is a cell-surface ectoenzyme that hydrolyzes the conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate to adenosine, which in turn can promote resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Immune response may therefore be improved by targeting tumor CD73, and this possibility underlines the need to non-invasively assess tumor CD73 level. In this study, we developed a cysteine site-specific Zr-labeled anti-CD73 (Zr-CD73) IgG immuno-PET technique that can image tumor CD73 expression in living bodies.

Risk Factors for Rapid Cognitive Decline in Amyloid-Negative Individuals Without Cognitive Impairment or With Early-Stage Cognitive Loss in Screening Tests.

Purpose: Although rapid cognitive decline (RCD) is an important unfavorable prognostic factor, not much is known about it, especially in amyloid-negative individuals. The purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors for RCD in amyloid-negative individuals.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 741 individuals who were either cognitively unimpaired or had early-stage cognitive ability loss and who underwent 18 F-florbetaben (FBB) (n = 402) or 18 F-flutemetamol (FMM) (n = 339) PET/CT.

Imaging Very Late Antigen-4 on MOLT4 Leukemia Tumors with Cysteine Site-Specific Zr-Labeled Natalizumab Immuno-Positron Emission Tomography.

Very late antigen-4 (VLA4; CD49d) is a promising immune therapy target in treatment-resistant leukemia and multiple myeloma, and there is growing interest in repurposing the humanized monoclonal antibody (Ab), natalizumab, for this purpose. Positron emission tomography with radiolabeled Abs (immuno-PET) could facilitate this effort by providing information on natalizumab's in vivo pharmacokinetic and target delivery properties. In this study, we labeled natalizumab with Zr specifically on sulfhydryl moieties via maleimide-deferoxamine conjugation.

Metabolic bulk volume from FDG PET as an independent predictor of progression-free survival in follicular lymphoma.

Background: Total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) in F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) predicts patient outcome in follicular lymphoma (FL); however, it requires laborious segmentation of all lesions. We investigated the prognostic value of the metabolic bulk volume (MBV) obtained from the single largest lesion.

Methods: Pretreatment FDG PET/computed tomography (CT) scans of 201 patients were analyzed for TMTV and MBV using a 41% maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) threshold.

Synthesis and Evaluation of [F]SiFA-Conjugated Ligands for Fibroblast Activation Protein Imaging.

In recent years, fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has emerged as an important target for the diagnosis and therapy of various tumors due to its high expression on the cell surface of cancer-associated fibroblasts, which are the major components of the tumor stroma. In this study, we synthesized and evaluated F-labeled FAP inhibitors (FAPIs) for FAP imaging. Two silicon fluoride acceptor (SiFA)-conjugated FAPIs were synthesized: one containing a γ-carboxy-l-glutamic acid (Gla) residue () and another containing two Gla residues ().

Semi-quantitative FDG parameters predict survival in multiple myeloma patients without autologous stem cell transplantation.

Background: F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) is useful in multiple myeloma (MM) for initial workup and treatment response evaluation. Herein, we evaluated the prognostic value of semi-quantitative FDG parameters for predicting the overall survival (OS) of MM patients with or without autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT).

Methods: Study subjects comprised 227 MM patients who underwent baseline FDG PET/CT.

Comparative analysis of batch correction methods for FDG PET/CT using metabolic radiogenomic data of lung cancer patients.

In radiomics research, the issue of different instruments being used is significant. In this study, we compared three correction methods to reduce the batch effects in radiogenomic data from fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT images of lung cancer patients. Texture features of the FDG PET/CT images and genomic data were retrospectively obtained.

Methionine metabolism and endocrine function of the pituitary gland in patients with suprasellar germinoma.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between methionine (MET) metabolism and endocrine function of the pituitary gland in patients with suprasellar region tumor.

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients with intracranial germinoma were included in this study. Initial staging and all surveillance MET PET/CT scans and comparable serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were analyzed.

Metabolic bulk volume predicts survival in a homogeneous cohort of stage II/III diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients undergoing R-CHOP treatment.

Purpose: Accurate risk stratification can improve lymphoma management, but current volumetric F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) indicators require time-consuming segmentation of all lesions in the body. Herein, we investigated the prognostic values of readily obtainable metabolic bulk volume (MBV) and bulky lesion glycolysis (BLG) that measure the single largest lesion.

Methods: The study subjects were a homogeneous cohort of 242 newly diagnosed stage II or III diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients who underwent first-line R-CHOP treatment.

Cluster analysis of autoencoder-extracted FDG PET/CT features identifies multiple myeloma patients with poor prognosis.

F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) is a robust imaging modality used for staging multiple myeloma (MM) and assessing treatment responses. Herein, we extracted features from the FDG PET/CT images of MM patients using an artificial intelligence autoencoder algorithm that constructs a compressed representation of input data. We then evaluated the prognostic value of the image-feature clusters thus extracted.

Cysteine-specific Zr-labeled anti-CD25 IgG allows immuno-PET imaging of interleukin-2 receptor-α on T cell lymphomas.

Introduction: Positron emission tomography (PET) using radiolabeled Abs as imaging tracer is called immuno-PET. Immuno-PET can verify therapeutic Ab delivery and can noninvasively quantify global levels of target expression in tumors of living subjects. The interleukin-2 receptor α chain (IL-2Rα; CD25) is a promising target for immune therapy and radioimmunotherapy of lymphomas.

Metabolic parameters on baseline F-FDG PET/CT are potential predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: We evaluated baseline F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) metabolic parameters for predicting prognosis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who were receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In addition, we also investigated the relationships between immunohistochemical (IHC) biomarkers and metabolic parameters.

Materials And Methods: A total of 39 patients with HNSCC who underwent F-FDG PET/CT prior to ICI therapy between November 2015 and December 2020 were enrolled.

Immuno-PET Imaging and Radioimmunotherapy of Lymphomas.

Monoclonal antibodies (Ab) have revolutionized the management of lymphomas, the most common hematologic malignancy in adults. Indeed, incorporation of rituximab into the regimen for indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) has dramatically improved treatment response and disease outcome. Yet, newer Ab therapeutics against promising antigen targets need to be developed to treat refractory or relapsed patients.

Lymphoma total lesion glycolysis leads to hyperlactatemia and reduction of brain glucose utilization.

Clarifying the mechanism of lymphoma-associated hyperlactatemia could help identify patients at risk. Here, 129 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients suspected of blood lactate elevation underwent blood measurement and F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) on the same day. Blood lactate elevation was mild (1.

Extracellular vesicles deliver sodium iodide symporter protein and promote cancer cell radioiodine therapy.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a promising carrier for various cargos with antitumor effects, but their capacity to transfer the ability to transport radioiodine for cancer theranostics remains unexplored. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that EVs can be loaded with the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) protein and efficiently deliver the payload to recipient cancer cells to facilitate radioiodine uptake. The results revealed that donor cells either transduced with an adenoviral vector for transient expression or engineered for stable overexpression secreted EVs that contained substantial amounts of NIS protein but not NIS mRNA.

Synthesis and Evaluation of a F-Labeled Ligand for PET Imaging of Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor.

Neuroinflammation involves activation of glial cells in the brain, and activated microglia play a particularly important role in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we developed 5-cyano--(4-(4-(2-[F]fluoroethyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(piperidin-1-yl)phenyl)furan-2-carboxamide ([F]) for PET imaging of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), an emerging target for neuroinflammation imaging. Non-radioactive ligand exhibited binding affinity comparable to that of a known CSF1R inhibitor, 5-cyano--(4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-(piperidin-1-yl)phenyl)furan-2-carboxamide (CPPC).

Zr Immuno-PET Imaging of Tumor PD-1 Reveals That PMA Upregulates Lymphoma PD-1 through NFB and JNK Signaling.

Immune therapy of T-cell lymphoma requires assessment of tumor-expressed programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1). Herein, we developed an immuno-PET technique that quantitatively images and monitors regulation of PD-1 expression on T-cell lymphomas. .

Mitochondrial ROS-Mediated Metabolic and Cytotoxic Effects of Isoproterenol on Cardiomyocytes Are p53-Dependent and Reversed by Curcumin.

Acute β-adrenergic stimulation contributes to heart failure. Here, we investigated the role of p53 in isoproterenol (ISO)-mediated metabolic and oxidative stress effects on cardiomyocytes and explored the direct protective effects offered by the antioxidant nutraceutical curcumin. Differentiated H9C2 rat cardiomyocytes treated with ISO were assayed for glucose uptake, lactate release, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.

Value of C-11 methionine PET/CT in patients with intracranial germinoma.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of C-11 methionine (MET) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in patients with intracranial germinoma (IG).

Material And Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 21 consecutive patients with pathologically confirmed IGs and eight patients with intracranial non-germinomas (INGs) located in a similar region. Clinical characteristics, imaging findings, and tumor markers such as α-fetoprotein (AFP) and β-human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) were used as clinical variables.

Celecoxib-Induced Modulation of Colon Cancer CD133 Expression Occurs through AKT Inhibition and Is Monitored by Zr Immuno-PET.

We developed an immuno-PET technique that monitors modulation of tumor CD133 expression, which is required for the success of CD133-targeted therapies. . Anti-CD133 antibodies were subjected to sulfhydryl moiety-specific Zr conjugation.