Photoaging protective effect of enzyme extracted pomegranate peel against oxidative damage in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells.

In this study, the ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin photoaging inhibitory activity of pomegranate peel extract with increased ellagic acid content through enzymatic hydrolysis was evaluated in HaCaT cells. Among various enzymes, Viscozyme with high tannase and β-glucosidase activities was used, and 1.0 % Viscozyme was added to hydrolyze pomegranate peel for 2 h at 40°C to establish the optimal reaction conditions for high ellagic acid content.

Efficacy and safety of galacto-oligosaccharide in the treatment of functional constipation: randomized clinical trial.

The efficacy and safety of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) in treating functional constipation were evaluated in a four-week randomized, double-blind clinical trial on 63 patients who met Rome IV criteria (34 GOS, 29 placebo group). The number of bowel movements per day and changes in the shape of bowel movements in the treatment group significantly improved compared to those in the control group after four weeks. The Patient Assessment Constipation Quality of Life questionnaire showed that satisfaction with constipation significantly increased in the treatment group.

Neuroprotective effect of whey protein hydrolysate containing leucine-aspartate-isoleucine-glutamine-lysine on HT22 cells in hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress.

This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) containing the pentapeptide leucine-aspartate-isoleucine-glutamine-lysine (LDIQK). Whey protein hydrolysate (50, 100, and 200 µg/mL) demonstrated the ability to restore the viability of HT22 cells subjected to 300 µM hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, at a concentration of 200 µg/mL, it significantly reduced the increase in reactive oxygen species production and calcium ion (Ca) influx induced by HO by 46.

Heukharang lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) leaf extract displays sleep-promoting effects through GABA receptor.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Although lettuce is traditionally known to have hypnotic and sedative effects, to date, only a few studies have documented its sleep-promoting effects and elucidated the related mechanisms.

Aim Of The Study: We aimed to investigate the sleep-promoting activity of Heukharang lettuce leaf extract (HLE) with increased lactucin content, known as a sleep-promoting substance in lettuce, in animal models.

Materials And Methods: To evaluate the effect of HLE on sleep behavior, analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG), gene expression of brain receptors, and activation mechanisms using antagonists were investigated in rodent models.

Chemical compositions and sleep-promoting activities of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) varieties.

Among natural products with sleep-promoting activity, hops have been used since ancient times as a tranquilizer and hypnotic agent. This study investigated the sleep-promoting effects of extracts of various hop (Humulus lupulus L.) varieties in invertebrate and vertebrate models.

Sleep-promoting activity of lotus () rhizome water extract via GABA receptors.

Context: The sleep-promoting activity of Gaertn. (Nymphaeaceae) alkaloids in leaves or seeds are well known. However, the sleep-promoting activity of the lotus rhizome (LE), which is used mainly as food, has not yet been evaluated.

Effects of Sphingomyelin-Containing Milk Phospholipids on Skin Hydration in UVB-Exposed Hairless Mice.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by ultraviolet (UV) exposure cause skin barrier dysfunction, which leads to dry skin. In this study, the skin moisturizing effect of sphingomyelin-containing milk phospholipids in UV-induced hairless mice was evaluated. Hairless mice were irradiated with UVB for eight weeks, and milk phospholipids (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg) were administered daily.

Effects of Collagen-Tripeptide and Galacto-oligosaccharide Mixture on Skin Photoaging Inhibition in UVB-exposed Hairless Mice.

Collagen-tripeptide (CTP) and galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS), which improve collagen homeostasis and barrier function in the skin, are widely used in the food industry to improve wrinkle-related parameters and skin health. In this study, the photoprotective effect of CTP/GOS mixtures (3:1, 1:1, and 1:3) in ultraviolet (UV) B-irradiated hairless mice was examined. Skin parameter analysis, histological approaches, molecular biology techniques and HPLC analysis were applied to investigate the photoaging protective effect, signaling pathways and changes in the microbiota.

Photoprotective effects of sphingomyelin-containing milk phospholipids in ultraviolet B-irradiated hairless mice by suppressing nuclear factor-κB expression.

Ceramide-containing phospholipids improve skin hydration and barrier function and are ideal for use in skin care products. In this study, we evaluated the photoprotective effect of milk phospholipids on the skin condition of UVB-irradiated hairless mice. Skin parameters were assessed following oral administration of milk phospholipids.

GABA Receptor-Mediated Sleep-Promoting Effect of Saaz-Saphir Hops Mixture Containing Xanthohumol and Humulone.

Hops contain flavonoids that have sedative and sleep-promoting activities such as α-acid, β-acid, and xanthohumol. In this study, the sleep-enhancing activity of a Saaz-Saphir hops mixture was measured. In the caffeine-induced insomnia model, the administration of a Saaz-Saphir mixture increased the sleep time compared to Saaz or Saphir administration alone, which was attributed to the increase in NREM sleep time by the δ-wave increase.

Changes in the component sugar and immunostimulating activity of polysaccharides isolated from Dendrobium officinale in the pretreatments.

Background: To isolate polysaccharides with enhanced immunostimulatory activity from Dendrobium officinale, which is used as a herbal medicine in China and Southeast Asia, D. officinale (DO) was pretreated with organic solvents (DOOS) or puffing at 7.5 and 9.

Evaluation of Safety through Acute and Subacute Tests of Galacto-Oligosaccharide (GOS).

Acute and subacute toxicity tests were undertaken on a novel galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) produced from lactose by β-galactosidase derived from . Toxicity was evaluated by single dose oral administration (5,000 mg/kg) and was repeated at day 28 (1,000 mg/kg) in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. In acute toxicity tests, the protein levels of male rats administered GOS showed a significant difference from controls, but remained within the normal range.

Changes in Locomotor Activity and Oxidative Stress-Related Factors after the Administration of an Amino Acid Mixture by Generation and Age.

Amino acids, as nutrients, are expected to improve sleep disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the generation- and age-dependent sleep-improving effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) coadministration. The differentially expressed genes and generation-related behavior after the administration of a GABA/5-HTP mixture were measured in a model, while age-related changes in gene expression and oxidative stress-related parameters were measured in a mouse model.

Antioxidant and Immunostimulatory Activities of a Submerged Culture of Using Spent Coffee.

Spent coffee grounds (SCG) are inexpensive materials that have been used as a source of antioxidants and polysaccharides with immunostimulatory activity. In this study, we performed a microbial fermentation of SCG using and investigated the radical scavenging and immunostimulatory activity of fermented SCG. SCG fermentation using was performed at 25 °C for 8 d.

Effect of Deer Antler Extract on Muscle Differentiation and 5-Aminoimidazole-4-Carboxamide Ribonucleoside (AICAR)-Induced Muscle Atrophy in C2C12 Cells.

The effect of deer antler extract on muscle differentiation and muscle atrophy were evaluated to minimize muscle loss following aging. Various deer antler extracts (HWE, hot water extract of deer antler; FE, HWE of fermented deer antler; ET, enzyme-assisted extract of deer antler; UE, extract prepared by ultrasonication of deer antler) were evaluated for their effect on muscle differentiation and inhibition of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR)-induced muscle atrophy in C2C12 cells. Morphological changes according to the effect of antler extracts on muscle differentiation were confirmed by Jenner-Giemsa staining.

Effects of Green Lettuce Leaf Extract on Sleep Disturbance Control in Oxidative Stress-Induced Invertebrate and Vertebrate Models.

This study investigated the effect of ethanol-extracted green lettuce leaf (GLE) on sleep behavior in physical stress-induced invertebrate and vertebrate models. In , the group that experienced vibration stress showed decreased sleep time compared to the no-vibration-stress control group, but the GLE treatment group recovered this lost sleep time. The GLE group also recovered the gene expression of downregulated superoxide dismutase induced by vibration stress conditions.

Effect of capsaicinoids in hot pepper powder on microbial community and free sugar during kimchi fermentation.

Effect of capsaicinoids in hot pepper powder (HP) contains various chemical compounds, including capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin, which are the main ingredients of the spicy taste. To evaluate the effect of HP on the microbial community in kimchi fermentation, kimchi [kimchi-HP, kimchi-HPE and kimchi-HPER made by adding HP, HP alcohol extract (HPE) and HPE residues (HPER)] was fermented at 4°C for 28 days. The pH and titratable acidity of the samples and the number of bacteria changed with fermentation time.

Quercetin-3--glucuronide in the Ethanol Extract of Lotus Leaf () Enhances Sleep Quantity and Quality in a Rodent Model via a GABAergic Mechanism.

Current pharmacological treatments for insomnia carry several and long-term side effects. Therefore, natural products without side effects are warranted. In this study, the sleep-promoting activity of the lotus leaf () extract was assessed using ICR mice and Sprague Dawley rats.

Prebiotics/Probiotics Mixture Induced Changes in Cecal Microbiome and Intestinal Morphology Alleviated the Loperamide-Induced Constipation in Rat.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a mixture of multi-strain probiotics and prebiotics on loperamide-induced constipation in Sprague-Dawley rats. A multi-strain probiotics alone (loperamide-induced group with multi-strain probiotics mixture group; Lop-Pro) and a mixture of multi-strain probiotics and prebiotics (loperamide-induced group with multi-strain probiotics and prebiotics mixture group; Lop-Pro/Pre) were administered orally after inducing constipation. The fecal water content was significantly higher (by 42%) in the Lop-Pro/Pre group (33.

Stimulating effect of whey protein hydrolysate on bone growth in MC3T3-E1 cells and a rat model.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) on osteogenic cell differentiation and its growth-promoting effects in rats. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition were measured by treating MC3T3-E1 cells with WPH, and mRNA and protein levels of factors related to osteoblast differentiation were assessed. ALP activity and calcium deposition were significantly increased in the WPH group (p < 0.

Fermented Gamma Aminobutyric Acid Improves Sleep Behaviors in Fruit Flies and Rodent Models.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of -fermented γ-aminobutyric acid (LB-GABA) on sleep behaviors in invertebrate and vertebrate models. In , LB-GABA-treated group showed an 8-9%-longer sleep duration than normal group did. LB-GABA-treated group also showed a 46.

Effect of ascorbic acid and citric acid on the quality of salted Chinese cabbage during storage.

Changes in color, browning indices, enzyme activity, and physical and chemical quality during the storage period were investigated to assess the effectiveness of storage period extension along with the addition of ascorbic acid (AA) and citric acid (CA) to salted Chinese cabbage. After 16 days of storage, the change in chromaticity value showed treatment with 0.5% CA showed the lowest change in the brown index during the storage period.

Effect of the protein hydrolysate of rice syrup meal on the endurance exercise performance of BALB/c mice.

Rice is a staple food in Korea. The protein in rice reportedly contains higher levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) than proteins in other grains. Taking BCAAs during exercise can reduce muscle fatigue by reducing muscle glycogen depletion.