Laboratory investigation of causes of bovine abortion and stillbirth in the Republic of Korea, 2014-2020.

Bovine abortion is a critical problem in the cattle industry. Identifying causes of abortion is key to establishing appropriate herd management and prevention strategies. We used pathology examinations, detection of etiologic agents, and serology to determine the cause of bovine abortions in Korea.

Super-resolution techniques for biomedical applications and challenges.

Super-resolution (SR) techniques have revolutionized the field of biomedical applications by detailing the structures at resolutions beyond the limits of imaging or measuring tools. These techniques have been applied in various biomedical applications, including microscopy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), X-ray, electroencephalogram (EEG), ultrasound, etc. SR methods are categorized into two main types: traditional non-learning-based methods and modern learning-based approaches.

Novel Artificial Intelligence-Based Technology to Diagnose Asthma Using Methacholine Challenge Tests.

Purpose: The methacholine challenge test (MCT) has high sensitivity but relatively low specificity for asthma diagnosis. This study aimed to develop and validate machine learning (ML) models to improve the diagnostic performance of MCT for asthma.

Methods: Data from 1,501 patients with asthma symptoms who underwent MCT between 2015 and 2020 were analyzed.

Case report: Investigation of genetic mutations in a case of schistosomus reflexus in a Holstein dairy cattle fetus in Korea.

Schistosomus reflexus (SR) is one of the most common congenital anomalies found in cases of cattle dystocia; this disorder occurs mostly in cattle. Congenital anomalies such as SR are caused by various genetic and environmental factors, but no specific cause has been elucidated for SR. This study reports a case of SR in a Holstein dairy cattle fetus with congenital anomalies in Korea.

Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of the Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Functional Ability Self-Assessment Tool.

Objective: To systematically translate the Duchenne muscular dystrophy Functional Ability Self-Assessment Tool (DMDSAT) into Korean and verify the reliability and validity of the Korean version (K-DMDSAT).

Methods: The original DMDSAT was translated into Korean by two translators and two pediatric physiatrists. A total of 88 patients with genetically confirmed Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) participated in the study.

Development and evaluation of an online mental health program for traumatized female college students: A randomized controlled trial.

This study developed and evaluated an online mental health program for female college students who experienced trauma, based on Roy's Adaptation Model. A randomized controlled trial was adopted. Participants completed a survey on trauma and post-traumatic stress symptoms.

Epidemiological investigation of equine hindlimb ataxia with in South Korea.

Background: Since 2013, the number of requests for diagnosis for horses based on neurological symptoms has increased rapidly in South Korea. The affected horses have commonly exhibited symptoms of acute seasonal hindlimb ataxia. A previous study from 2015-2016 identified as the causative agent.

Case study: Pathological and phylogenetic analysis of coccidiosis in two goats with heavy infection of unrecorded Eimeria sp.

Two 3-month-old goats (Capra aegagrus hircus and C. hircus coreanae) died after ataxia. In both goats, white nodules 3 mm in diameter were scattered from the duodenum to the ileum and well-raised white nodules 2-3 mm-diameter in the mucosa of the small intestine.

A case of carboxyatractyloside intoxication by ingestion of the cocklebur () in a Korean native cow.

A 19-month-old Korean native cow died the following day after consuming new silage. Grossly, the liver showed enlargement, redness, and haemorrhages in all the lobes. Additionally, many of the bur-shaped fruits of the cocklebur () were found in the gastric contents.

Stabilization and Tracking of a Quadrotor Using Modified Sigmoid Sliding Mode Control.

A modified sigmoid sliding mode control (MS-SMC) approach is proposed for stabilizing and tracking a quadrotor system with a nonlinear sliding surface, where the dynamics model is underactuated, highly coupled, and nonlinear. The constructed nonlinear sliding surface is based on the traditional sliding mode surface with a modified sigmoid function, allowing the initial value to quickly reach equilibrium. A new type of nonlinear SMC is applied for performance improvement of the quadrotor using the proposed modified sigmoid sliding surface.

Imbalanced Seismic Event Discrimination Using Supervised Machine Learning.

The discrimination between earthquakes and artificial explosions is a significant issue in seismic analysis to efficiently prevent and respond to seismic events. However, the discrimination of seismic events is challenging due to the low incidence rate. Moreover, the similarity between earthquakes and artificial explosions with a local magnitude derives a nonlinear data distribution.

Clinical cases of zoonotic (subtype IIdA15G1) infections in Korean goats.

is an enteric protozoan, which causes severe diarrhoea in a wide range of vertebrate hosts including ruminants and humans. infections are responsible for immense economic losses to the livestock industry; furthermore, the zoonotic spread of the infection may lead to mortality in immunosuppressed humans. In the present study, we report two cases of severe cryptosporidiosis in goat kids in the Republic of Korea.

Astrovirus Infection in Cattle with Nonsuppurative Meningoencephalitis in South Korea.

Neurological diseases in cattle can be caused by several infectious agents. Astroviruses are increasingly recognized as the causative agent of encephalitis in various animals, including humans. In this study, a neuroinvasive astrovirus (BoAstV 20B05) was discovered in the brain tissues of an 81-month-old Korean native cattle with neurological symptoms.

The Relationship Between Breast Density Change During Menopause and the Risk of Breast Cancer in Korean Women.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between changes in breast density during menopause and breast cancer risk.

Methods: This study was a retrospective, longitudinal cohort study for women over 30 years of age who had undergone breast mammography serially at baseline and postmenopause during regular health checkups at Samsung Medical Center. None of the participants had been diagnosed with breast cancer at baseline.

Evaluation of the Variability of the ORF34, ORF68, and MLST Genes in EHV-1 from South Korea.

Equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) is an important pathogen in horses. It affects horses worldwide and causes substantial economic losses. In this study, for the first time, we characterized EHV-1 isolates from South Korea at the molecular level.

Setaria digitata was the main cause of equine neurological ataxia in Korea: 50 cases (2015-2016).

This study was performed to examine and clarify the cause of hindlimb ataxia and neuropathy seen in the South Korean horse population. Fifty horses diagnosed with hindlimb ataxia and neuropathy were referred for this study. Neurological examination was performed on 47 horses while necropsy was performed in all 50 animals.

Iterative Regression Based Hybrid Localization for Wireless Sensor Networks.

Among various localization methods, a localization method that uses a radio frequency signal-based wireless sensor network has been widely applied due to its robustness against noise factors and few limits on installation location. In this paper, we focus on an iterative localization scheme for a mobile with a limited number of time difference of arrival (TDOA) and angle of arrival (AOA) data measured from base stations. To acquire the optimal location of a mobile, we propose a recursive solution for localization using an iteratively reweighted-recursive least squares (IR-RLS) algorithm.

Seismic Discrimination between Earthquakes and Explosions Using Support Vector Machine.

The discrimination between earthquakes and explosions is a serious issue in seismic signal analysis. This paper proposes a seismic discrimination method using support vector machine (SVM), wherein the amplitudes of the P-wave and the S-wave of the seismic signals are selected as feature vectors. Furthermore, to improve the seismic discrimination performance using a heterodyne laser interferometer for seismic wave detection, the Hough transform is applied as a compensation method for the periodic nonlinearity error caused by the frequency-mixing in the laser interferometric seismometer.

Co-infection of and Japanese encephalitis virus in a spotted seal () in the Republic of Korea.

A 10-year-old male spotted seal presented with loss of appetite and decreased activity. Grossly, the internal organs revealed several filarial nematodes in the right ventricle of the heart and the pulmonary vessels. Histopathological examination of the brain revealed moderate nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis with glial nodules and neuronophagia.

Morphological and molecular diagnosis of Eimeria sp. that caused fatality in a red-necked wallaby (Macropus rufogriseus) in Korea.

A red-necked wallaby (Macropus rufogriseus) in the Republic of Korea, introduced from Australia, died in 12 d after exhibiting anorexia and diarrhea. Postmortem examination revealed that the wallaby died due to coccidiosis by Eimeria sp. Morphologically, Eimeria sp.

Earthquake Magnitude Estimation Using a Total Noise Enhanced Optimization Model.

In this paper, a heterodyne laser interferometer, which is used as a sensor for high-precision displacement measurement, is introduced to measure ground vibration and seismic waves as a seismometer. The seismic wave is measured precisely through the displacement variation obtained by the heterodyne laser interferometer. The earthquake magnitude is estimated using only the P-wave magnitudes for the first 3 s through the total noise enhanced optimization (TNEO) model.