Dual-Mechanism mRNA Delivery via Fluorinated-Sorbitol Polyplexes: Enhancing Cellular Uptake and Endosomal Escape for COVID-19 Vaccination.

Advancements in mRNA delivery nanoparticles have significantly improved the potential for treating challenging diseases. Due to the inherent immunogenicity and rapid degradation of mRNA, specialized nanoparticles are required for efficient intracellular uptake, endosomal escape, and protection from lysosomal degradation. Although current methods enable transgene expression but achieving a balance between efficiency and toxicity remains challenging.

First top-down diurnal adjustment to NO emissions inventory in Asia informed by the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) tropospheric NO columns.

Pioneering the use of the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer's (GEMS) observation data in air quality modeling, we adjusted Asia's NO emissions inventory by leveraging the instrument's unprecedented sampling frequency. GEMS tropospheric NO columns served as top-down constraints, guiding our Bayesian inversion to constrain NO emissions in Asia during spring 2022. This enabled the model to better capture the diurnal variation in NO emissions, such as its morning rush hour peak, particularly when more retrievals were available each day, improving the simulation accuracy to a certain extent.

Multidisciplinary nutritional support team and mortality in critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: A careful approach is required when providing nutritional support to patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This study investigated whether implementing a multidisciplinary nutritional support team (NST) is associated with improved survival outcomes in patients with ARDS.

Methods: In a nationwide population-based cohort study, all adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in South Korea with a primary diagnosis of ARDS from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021, were included.

Dynamic changes in immune cells in humanized liver metastasis and subcutaneous xenograft mouse models.

Preclinical drug efficacy and tumor microenvironment (TME) investigations often utilize humanized xenograft mouse models, yet these models typically fall short in replicating the intricate TME. We developed a humanized liver metastasis (LM) model by transplanting human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and assessed it against the conventional subcutaneous (SC) xenograft model, focusing on immune cell dynamics post-transplantation and immunotherapy response. NOD-scid IL2Rgamma(NSG) were inoculated with PBMCs to create humanized models.

Multidisciplinary nutritional support team and survival outcomes in patients with sepsis: a nationwide population-based cohort study in South Korea.

Background: The South Korean government implemented a multidisciplinary nutritional support team (NST) system to focus on the proper evaluation and supply of nutritional status in hospitalized patients who are at a higher risk of malnutrition.

Methods: This nationwide population-based cohort study included patients diagnosed with sepsis who were admitted to hospitals from 2016 to 2020. The NST should consist of four professional personnel (physicians, full-time nurses, full-time pharmacists, and full-time clinical dietitians).

Development of an anti-tauopathy mucosal vaccine specifically targeting pathologic conformers.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related tauopathies are associated with pathological tau protein aggregation, which plays an important role in neurofibrillary degeneration and dementia. Targeted immunotherapy to eliminate pathological tau aggregates is known to improve cognitive deficits in AD animal models. The tau repeat domain (TauRD) plays a pivotal role in tau-microtubule interactions and is critically involved in the aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins.

The needs for digital health and eHeath literacy of cancer patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers: A multicenter, descriptive correlational study.

Purpose: Digital health is an indispensable tool, but its use depends on the eHealth literacy (eHL) of end-users. This study aimed to understand the need for digital health and eHL among cancer patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers and to identify differences in digital health needs related to the eHL of cancer patients.

Methods: A multicenter, descriptive correlational study was conducted and included a total of 209 patients, 150 caregivers and 150 healthcare providers.

Central Nervous System Dissemination of Solitary Sporadic Supratentorial Hemangioblastoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

We report a patient with whole neuroaxis dissemination of a sporadic supratentorial hemangioblastoma (HB) for more than 15 years. A 68-year-old female patient presented with severe radiating pain in the right leg. Gadolinium-enhanced lumbar spine MRI showed an intradural mass (2.

Ensemble Deep Learning Model to Predict Lymphovascular Invasion in Gastric Cancer.

Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is one of the most important prognostic factors in gastric cancer as it indicates a higher likelihood of lymph node metastasis and poorer overall outcome for the patient. Despite its importance, the detection of LVI(+) in histopathology specimens of gastric cancer can be a challenging task for pathologists as invasion can be subtle and difficult to discern. Herein, we propose a deep learning-based LVI(+) detection method using H&E-stained whole-slide images.

Implementation of a multidisciplinary nutritional support team and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with COVID-19.

Background & Aims: The South Korean government established the multidisciplinary nutritional support teams (NST) system for enhancing the evaluation and adequate supply of nutritional support to patients at high risk of malnutrition. However, the impact of the NST on clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate whether NST implementation affects survival outcomes in patients with COVID-19 requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission.

Efficacy of natural killer cell therapy combined with chemoradiotherapy in murine models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background Aims: Natural killer (NK) cell-based cancer immunotherapy is effective when combined with other treatment modalities such as irradiation and chemotherapy. NK cell's antitumor function to treat solid tumor, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), has been targeted recently. This study assessed NK cell recruitment in response to chemoradiation therapy (CRT) in HNSCC.

Gastric-type adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix presenting in urine cytology specimens: A case report and literature review.

Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma (GEA) is a rare type adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix that is unrelated to human papillomavirus (HPV). GEA is difficult to diagnose due to its bland-looking morphological characteristics and is therefore often underdiagnosed. Although abnormal cells may be seen on cervical cytology specimens, they are rarely diagnosed as malignant and are often classified as atypical glandular cells.

Orthotopic Mouse Models of Urinary Bladder Cancer.

Background/aim: Urinary bladder cancer has various etiologies and tends to recur and then progress to a higher grade. When muscles are invaded, the response to conventional therapy is poor and the quality of life deteriorates rapidly. Here, we summarize and compare two representative methods used to create the syngeneic mouse models required for immunological research.

Effects of digital self-management symptom interventions on symptom outcomes in adult cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Digital self-management (SM) interventions targeting symptom relief have demonstrated positive as well as null outcomes, whereas no study has synthesized the effect of the interventions. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of digital SM symptom interventions on symptom outcomes in adult cancer patients.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on the previous scoping review was conducted.

The significance of programed cell death-ligand 1 expression in vestibular schwannoma.

Background: The association between programed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in vestibular schwannoma (VS) has been investigated in a few studies. These published studies report a difference in the PD-L1 positivity rate in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. We examined PD-L1 expression and lymphocyte infiltration in patients with VS who had undergone surgical resection and investigated the association between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features.

Analysis of stromal PDGFR-β and α-SMA expression and their clinical relevance in brain metastases of breast cancer patients.

Background: Breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) is a growing therapeutic challenge and clinical concern. Stromal cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are crucial factors in the modulation of tumorigeneses and metastases. Herein, we investigated the relationship between the expression of stromal CAF markers in metastatic sites, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta (PDGFR-β), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and the clinical and prognostic variables in BCBM patients.

Digital Health Interventions for Adult Patients With Cancer Evaluated in Randomized Controlled Trials: Scoping Review.

Background: Digital care has become an essential component of health care. Interventions for patients with cancer need to be effective and safe, and digital health interventions must adhere to the same requirements.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify currently available digital health interventions developed and evaluated in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) targeting adult patients with cancer.

Expanded natural killer cells potentiate the antimyeloma activity of daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone in a myeloma xenograft model.

The development of new treatment agents in recent decades has significantly improved the survival of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Nonetheless, MM remains an incurable disease; therefore, novel combination therapies are required. Natural killer (NK) cells are one of the safest immunotherapeutic options.

Meningioma Originating From Choroid Plexus of Foramen of Luschka: A Rare Case Report and Tip of Differential Diagnosis.

Meningiomas are the most common benign brain tumors, and most of them originate from the dura mater. However, in some cases, they can originate from the choroid plexus, and they are rarely found in the posterior cranial fossa. A 63-year-old female patient presented with dizziness and swallowing difficulty and was found to have a homogeneously enhancing mass in the right posterior cranial fossa.