Bacterial synergy and relay for thermophilic hydrogen production through dark fermentation using food waste.

Background: Food waste is a significant global issue, with 1.3 billion tons generated annually, a figure expected to rise to 2.1 billion tons by 2030.

Isolation of Heavy Metal-Tolerant and Anti-Phytopathogenic Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria from Soils.

In this study, multifunctional soil bacteria, which can promote plant development, resist heavy metals, exhibit anti-phytopathogenic action against plant diseaes, and produce extracellular enzymes, were isolated to improve the effectiveness of phytoremediation techniques. In order to isolate multifunctional soil bacteria, a variety of soil samples with diverse characteristics were used as sources for isolation. To look into the diversity and structural traits of the bacterial communities, we conducted amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene on five types of soils and predicted functional genes using Tax4Fun2.

Enhancement of the germination and growth of Panicum miliaceum and Brassica juncea in Cd- and Zn-contaminated soil inoculated with heavy-metal-tolerant Leifsonia sp. ZP3.

The addition of plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) to heavy-metal-contaminated soils can significantly improve plant growth and productivity. This study isolated heavy-metal-tolerant bacteria with growth-promoting traits and investigated their inoculation effects on the germination rates and growth of millet (Panicum miliaceum) and mustard (Brassica juncea) in Cd- and Zn-contaminated soil. Leifsonia sp.

A review of phyto- and microbial-remediation of indoor volatile organic compounds.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are crucial air pollutants in indoor environments, emitted from building materials, furniture, consumer products, cleaning products, smoking, fuel combustion, cooking, and other sources. VOCs are also emitted from human beings via breath and whole-body skin. Some VOCs cause dermal/ocular irritation as well as gastrointestinal, neurological, cardiovascular, and/or carcinogenic damage to human health.

Direct imaging of magnetohydrodynamic wave mode conversion near a 3D null point on the sun.

Mutual conversion of various kinds of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves can have profound impacts on wave propagation, energy transfer, and heating of the solar chromosphere and corona. Mode conversion occurs when an MHD wave travels through a region where the Alfvén and sound speeds are equal (e.g.

Implications of PM chemical composition in modulating microbial community dynamics during spring in Seoul.

Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM) harbors a diverse microbial community. To assess the ecological dynamics and potential health risks associated with airborne microorganisms, it is crucial to understand the factors influencing microbial communities within PM.

Comparative analysis of hydrogen production and bacterial communities in mesophilic and thermophilic consortia using multiple inoculum sources.

This study investigates the hydrogen (H) production performance and bacterial communities in mesophilic (37 °C) and thermophilic (50 °C) H-producing consortia derived from different inoculum sources and utilizing food waste as a substrate. This study found notable variations in H production characteristics among these consortia. Among the mesophilic consortia (MC), the W-MC obtained with wetland (W) as the inoculum source exhibited the highest hydrogen production (3900 mL·L and 117 mL·L·h), while among the thermophilic consortia (TC), the FP-TC obtained with forest puddle sediment (FP) as the inoculum source showed the highest performance (2112 mL·L and 127 mL·L·h).

Long-term comparison of the performance of biostimulation and phytoextraction in soil contaminated with diesel and heavy metals.

The long-term remediation performance under the natural conditions is required to establish the appropriate remediation strategy for contaminated soil. The objective of this study was to compare the long-term remediation efficiency of biostimulation and phytoextraction in contaminated soil containing petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) and heavy metals. Two types of contaminated soil (soil contaminated with diesel only and co-contaminated with diesel and heavy metals) were prepared.

Inoculation Effect of Methanotrophs on Rhizoremediation Performance and Methane Emission in Diesel-Contaminated Soil.

During the rhizoremediation of diesel-contaminated soil, methane (CH), a representative greenhouse gas, is emitted as a result of anaerobic metabolism of diesel. The application of methantrophs is one of solutions for the mitigation CH emissions during the rhizoremediation of diesel-contaminated soil. In this study, CH-oxidizing rhizobacteria, sp.

Dynamics of Functional Genes and Bacterial Community during Bioremediation of Diesel-Contaminated Soil Amended with Compost.

Compost is widely used as an organic additive to improve the bioremediation of diesel-contaminated soil. In this study, the effects of compost amendment on the remediation performance, functional genes, and bacterial community are evaluated during the bioremediation of diesel-contaminated soils with various ratios of compost (0-20%, w/w). The study reveals that the diesel removal efficiency, soil enzyme (dehydrogenase and urease) activity, soil CH oxidation potential, and soil NO reduction potential have a positive correlation with the compost amendment ( < 0.

Effect of Novosphingobium sp. CuT1 inoculation on the rhizoremediation of heavy metal- and diesel-contaminated soil planted with tall fescue.

Rhizoremediation is a promising method based on the synergism between plant and rhizobacteria to remediate soil co-contaminated with heavy metals and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs). A plant growth-promoting (PGP) rhizobacterium with diesel-degrading capacity and heavy metal tolerance was isolated from the rhizosphere of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea L.), after which the effects of its inoculation on rhizoremediation performance were evaluated in heavy metal- and diesel-contaminated soil planted with tall fescue.

Interferometric Imaging, and Beam-Formed Study of a Moving Type-IV Radio Burst with LOFAR.

Unlabelled: Type-IV radio bursts have been studied for over 50 years. However, the specifics of the radio emission mechanisms is still an open question. In order to provide more information about the emission mechanisms, we studied a moving Type-IV radio burst with fine structures (spike group) by using the high-resolution capability of the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) on August 25, 2014.

Inoculation effect of Pseudomonas sp. TF716 on NO emissions during rhizoremediation of diesel-contaminated soil.

The demand for rhizoremediation technology that can minimize greenhouse gas emissions while effectively removing pollutants in order to mitigate climate change has increased. The inoculation effect of NO-reducing Pseudomonas sp. TF716 on NO emissions and on remediation performance during the rhizoremediation of diesel-contaminated soil planted with tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) or maize (Zea mays) was investigated.

Seasonal Dynamics of Bacterial Community Structure in Diesel Oil-Contaminated Soil Cultivated with Tall Fescue ().

The objective of this study was to explore the seasonal characteristics of rhizoremediation and the bacterial community structure over the course of a year in soil contaminated with diesel oil. The soil was contaminated with diesel oil at a total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration of 30,000 mg-TPH·kg-soil. Tall fescue seedlings were planted in the contaminated soil and rhizoremediation performance was monitored for 317 days.

Dynamics of bacterial functional genes and community structures during rhizoremediation of diesel-contaminated compost-amended soil.

The objective of this study was to characterize the effects of organic soil amendment (compost) on bacterial populations associated with petroleum hydrocarbon (PH) degradation and nitrous oxide (NO) dynamics via pot experiments. Soil was artificially contaminated with diesel oil at total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration of 30,000 mg·kg-soil and compost was mixed with the contaminated soil at a 1:9 ratio (w/w). Maize seedlings were planted in each pot and a total of ten pots with two treatments (compost-amended and unamended) were prepared.

Effect of upflow and downflow baffle configuration on particulate matter removal in a mirror-symmetrical multi-compartment scrubber.

Control over particulate matter (PM) emission from grilling is required for improving public health and air quality. The performance of mirror-symmetrical multi-compartment scrubbers with an upflow (U-type) and downflow baffle (D-type) configuration was evaluated for PM emission control from grilling at a flow rate of 30 m min. The PM removal efficiency of the U-type scrubber was the highest when the water level was 8 cm (95.

Characterization of the Bacterial Community Associated with Methane and Odor in a Pilot-Scale Landfill Biocover under Moderately Thermophilic Conditions.

A pilot-scale biocover was constructed at a sanitary landfill and the mitigation of methane and odor compounds was compared between the summer and non-summer seasons. The average inlet methane concentrations were 22.0%, 16.

Evaluation of rhizoremediation and methane emission in diesel-contaminated soil cultivated with tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea).

Rhizoremediation, CH emission, and bacterial community dynamics were evaluated in diesel-contaminated soil cultivated with tall fescue via a pot experiment. At the beginning of the experiment, total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) removal efficiency was 30.2% in tall fescue-cultivated soil, which was significantly higher than that of unplanted soil (19.

Effects of Plant and Soil Amendment on Remediation Performance and Methane Mitigation in Petroleum-Contaminated Soil.

Petroleum-contaminated soil is considered among the most important potential anthropogenic atmospheric methane sources. Additionally, various rhizoremediation factors can affect methane emissions by altering soil ecosystem carbon cycles. Nonetheless, greenhouse gas emissions from soil have not been given due importance as a potentially relevant parameter in rhizoremediation techniques.

Characterization of nitrous oxide reduction by sp. HJ23 isolated from advanced wastewater treatment sludge.

A new nitrous oxide (NO)-reducing bacterium was isolated from a consortium that was enriched using advanced wastewater treatment sludge as an inoculum and NO as the sole nitrogen source. The isolated facultative anaerobe was identified as sp. HJ23.

Removal of particulate matter from pork belly grilling gas using an orifice wet scrubber.

Grilling restaurants are a major contributor to airborne particulate matter (PM) in metropolitan areas. In this study, the removal of PM during the grilling of pork belly using an orifice scrubber, which is a form of gas-induced spray scrubber, was assessed. During grilling, the particle mass concentration was the highest for 1.

Characterization of sludge reduction and bacterial community dynamics in a pilot-scale multi-stage digester system with prolonged sludge retention time.

Sludge reduction performance and bacterial community dynamics in a pilot-scale multi-stage digester system with prolonged sludge retention time were characterized. Throughout the operation period of 281 days, the total loading sludge and the total digested sludge were 4700 and 3300 kg-MLSS. After 114 days of operation, the residual MLSS (RMLSS) in the reactors for sludge treatment was maintained at 18-25 kg-RMLSS m, and the sludge reduction efficiency achieved 95% under the F/M ratio (kg-loading MLSS kg-RMLSS) of less than 0.

Emission characteristics of particulate matter, odors, and volatile organic compounds from the grilling of pork.

Meat-grilling restaurants are considered to be residential emission sources of air pollutants. To investigate the emission characteristics of particulate matter (PM), odors, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the grilling of meat, a grilling apparatus equipped with butane gas burners was used to grill pork belly and marinated pork ribs in a laboratory setting. When grilling the pork belly, the emission factor for PM with a diameter of 2.

Evaluation of denitrification performance and bacterial community of a sequencing batch reactor under intermittent aeration.

Effects of operational parameters (initial nitrite concentration, initial nitrate concentration, carbon source, and COD/N ratio) on denitrification performance was evaluated using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) under intermittent aeration. Complete denitrification was observed without NO accumulation when the initial nitrite concentration was 100-500 mg-N·L. When the initial nitrate concentration was 75-300 mg-N·L, 95-96% of NO-N was completely reduced to N gas.

Simultaneous mitigation of methane and odors in a biowindow using a pipe network.

In this study, a biowindow with a piped gas collection network is proposed as an area-efficient landfill gas treatment system. A 9-m biowindow was constructed for treating landfill gas collected from an area of 450 m in a sanitary landfill, and its performance was evaluated for 224 days. The methane removal efficiency was 59-100% at 146.