A Simple Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Method for Quantification and Classification of Edible Sea Salts Assisted by Surface-Hydrophilicity-Enhanced Silicon Wafer Substrates.

Salt, one of the most commonly consumed food additives worldwide, is produced in many countries. The chemical composition of edible salts is essential information for quality assessment and origin distinction. In this work, a simple laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy instrument was assembled with a diode-pumped solid-state laser and a miniature spectrometer.

Dietary supplementation of ark clams protects gut health and modifies gut microbiota in d-galactose-induced aging rats.

Background: Ark clams, a seafood abundant in various nutrients, are widely consumed worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the protective benefits of two common ark clams in Korea, Scapharca subcrenata (SS) and Tegillarca granosa (TG), on gut health in d-galactose (d-gal)-induced aging rats.

Results: Thirty-two Wistar rats (11 weeks old) were randomly allocated into four groups: a CON group (normal diet + saline intraperitoneal (i.

Bamboo Salt and Triple Therapy Synergistically Inhibit -Induced Gastritis In Vivo: A Preliminary Study.

infections are a major cause of gastrointestinal disorders, including gastric ulcers, gastritis, and gastric cancer. Triple therapy, using two antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor, is recommended for the treatment of infections. However, antibiotic resistance in is an emerging issue.

Roasted garlic protects against leaky gut syndrome in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis mice.

Unlabelled: Garlic () is a potentially beneficial functional food that is extensively grown around the globe. We have investigated the effect of roasted garlic on a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced intestinal permeability model in mice. Mice were divided into four diet groups: CON, DSS, RG (roasted garlic), and RG + Purple bamboo salt (RGP) in the AIN 93G diet for 3 weeks.

Bioactivities of Phenolic Compounds from Kiwifruit and Persimmon.

Fruit used in the common human diet in general, and kiwifruit and persimmon particularly, displays health properties in the prevention of heart disease. This study describes a combination of bioactivity, multivariate data analyses and fluorescence measurements for the differentiating of kiwifruit and persimmon, their quenching and antioxidant properties. The metabolic differences are shown, as well in the results of bioactivities and antioxidant capacities determined by ABTS, FRAP, CUPRAC and DPPH assays.

New lignan tyramide, phenolics, megastigmanes, and their glucosides from aerial parts of New Zealand spinach, .

Twenty compounds, including a new lignan amide, were isolated from the aerial parts of New Zealand spinach, (Pall.) Kuntze, which is an edible halophyte. These compounds were identified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments to be -2,3-dihydroxy-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenol)tyramine (new compound), methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, syringaldehyde, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, coniferyl alcohol, methyl caffeoate, - and -coumaroyl-β-d-glucopyranosides, - and -feruloyl-β-d-glucopyranosides, caffeic acid, staphylionoside E, canabiside D, apocyanol A, megastima-5,7-diene-3,4,9-triol, 1--oleoyl-3--β-d-galactopyranosyl--glycerol, 5,5'-dimethyl-lariciresinol, and kaempferol 3--β-d-glucopyranoside.

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for rapid accurate analysis of Mg, Ca, and K in edible sea salts.

A compact laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) instrument and a simple sample preparation method were developed for rapid on-site analysis of Mg, Ca, and K in edible sea salt products. The LIBS instrument was assembled using a small diode-pumped solid-state laser and a handheld spectrometer. Aqueous solutions of salts were prepared and sampled by using pieces of filter papers.

Three new decenynol glucosides from (Asteraceae).

Three new decenynol glucosides were isolated from the aerial parts of . Their structures were determined to be 6,8-decadien-4-yn-ol 1--β-d-glucopyranoside, 6,8-decadien-4-yn-ol 1--β-d-glucopyranoside, and 6-decen-4-yn-ol 1--β-d-glucopyranoside based on extensive spectroscopic (NMR and MS) analysis. [Formula: see text].

Feasibility of Quantitative Analysis of Magnesium and Calcium in Edible Salts Using a Simple Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Device.

Feasibility of a simple laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) device has been investigated for the analysis of Mg and Ca in edible salts. The LIBS spectrometer was assembled with a compact low-power diode-pumped solid-state laser (DPSSL) and a non-gated low-resolution handheld spectrometer. A simple sampling process was employed for on-site application.

attenuates amyloid β accumulation and tau hyperphosphorylation in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The preventive effects of extract (AS) and AS + garlic extract (ASG) on the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) were evaluated in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Rats were supplemented with diets containing 2% (w/w) of AS or ASG for 6 weeks. The AS group showed lower levels of amyloid β and beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 expressions and higher expression levels of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 than did the control group ( < 0.

Effects of Different Salt Treatments on the Fermentation Metabolites and Bacterial Profiles of Kimchi.

The effects of purified salt (PS) and mineral-rich sea salt (MRS), both with different mineral profiles, on kimchi fermentation were studied using a culture-dependent 16S rRNA sequencing technique and mass-based metabolomic analysis. The different mineral profiles in the fermentation medium caused changes in the bacterial profiles of the 2 kimchi products. An increase of Leuconostoc species in MRS-kimchi decreased the Lactobacillus/Leuconostoc ratio, which led to changes in metabolites (including sugars, amino acids, organic acids, lipids, sulfur compounds, and terpenoids) associated with kimchi quality.

Sesquiterpene lactones and scopoletins from Waldst. & Kit. and their angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activities.

Ten compounds, including a new guaiane-type sesquiterpene lactone, were isolated from the aerial parts of . The structure of the new compound was determined to be 5-hydroxyguaia-3(4),11(13),10(14)-trien-6α,12-olide, named scoparanolide. Six known sesquiterpene lactones [estafiatone, 3β,4α-dihydroxyguaia-11(13),10(14)-dien-6α,12-olide, estafiatin, preeupatundin, 3β-hydroxycostunolide, and ludovicin B] and three known coumarin derivatives (scopoletin, scoparone, and isofraxidin) were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy.

Phenolics, acyl galactopyranosyl glycerol, and lignan amides from (Pall.) Kuntze.

Eleven antioxidative compounds, including five lignin amides, were isolated from the aerial part of (New Zealand spinach) using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicalscavenging assay-guided purification. The structures were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization-mass spectroscopy. These compounds were identified as methyl linoleate (), methyl coumarate (), methyl ferulate (), 1-O-stearoyl-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-sn-glycerol (), 1-O-caffeoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (), N-trans-caffeoyltyramine (), cannabisin B (), cannabisin A (), Ntrans-feruloyltyramine (), N-cis-feruloyltyramine (), and N-trans-sinapoyltyramine ().

Four New Dicaffeoylquinic Acid Derivatives from Glasswort (Salicornia herbacea L.) and Their Antioxidative Activity.

Four new dicaffeoylquinic acid derivatives and two known 3-caffeoylquinic acid derivatives were isolated from methanol extracts using the aerial parts of Salicornia herbacea. The four new dicaffeoylquinic acid derivatives were established as 3-caffeoyl-5-dihydrocaffeoylquinic acid, 3-caffeoyl-5-dihydrocaffeoylquinic acid methyl ester, 3-caffeoyl-4-dihydrocaffeoylquinic acid methyl ester, and 3,5-di-dihydrocaffeoylquinic acid methyl ester. Their chemical structures were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization-mass spectroscopy (LC-ESI-MS).

Impact of Cultivation Conditions, Ethylene Treatment, and Postharvest Storage on Selected Quality and Bioactivity Parameters of Kiwifruit "Hayward" Evaluated by Analytical and Chemometric Methods.

Organic, semiorganic, and conventional "Hayward" kiwifruits, treated with ethylene for 24 h and stored during 10 days, were assessed by UV spectrometry, fluorometry, and chemometrical analysis for changes in selected characteristics of quality (firmness, dry matter and soluble solid contents, pH, and acidity) and bioactivity (concentration of polyphenols via Folin-Ciocalteu and p-hydroxybenzoic acid assays). All of the monitored qualitative parameters and characteristics related to bioactivity were affected either by cultivation practices or by ethylene treatment and storage. Results obtained, supported by statistical evaluation (Friedman two-way ANOVA) and chemometric analysis, clearly proved that the most significant impact on the majority of the evaluated parameters of quality and bioactivity of "Hayward" kiwifruit had the ethylene treatment followed by the cultivation practices and the postharvest storage.

Controlled Synthesis of Hollow Manganese Oxide Nanocrystals.

Carbon spheres have been prepared from glucose under hydrothermal conditions to facilitate the synthesis of hollow manganese oxides. The phases of manganese oxide are controlled by changing annealing temperature of the manganese monoxide on a carbon sphere template. The particles on the carbon surface get an agglomeration and make dense oxide shell during the calcination step, which result in typical hollow structures.

Antimicrobial activity of EMD17 isolated from and potential use as a starter for fermented soy foods.

A strain with antimicrobial activity was isolated from and identified as amyloliquefaciens. Filtered culture supernatants of EMD17 strongly inhibited growth of ATCC14579, ATCC19111, and an ochratoxin (OTA) producing spp. The antimicrobial activity was not decreased by heat, pH, and proteases treatment, indicating a non-proteinous nature of the antimicrobial substance.

A phenyl lipid alkaloid and flavone -diglucosides from .

A phenyl lipid alkaloid and seven phenolic compounds were isolated from the aerial part of , a halophyte that grows on salt marshes and tidal flat. These compounds were identified as 2,4-di--butylphenol, -hexacosanoylanthranilic acid, tryptophan, 4-hydroxybenzyol glucopyranoside, luteolin 6--β-D-glucopyranoside 8--β-D-(2--feruloyl)glucopyranoside, luteolin 6--β-D-(2--feruloyl)glucopyranoside 8--β-D-glucopyranoside, apigenin 6--β-D-glucopyranoside 8--β-D-(2--feruloyl)glucopyranoside, and apigenin 6--β-D-(2--feruloyl)glucopyranoside 8--β-D-glucopyranoside. The structures were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization-mass spectroscopy.

Antihypertensive Effects of Artemisia scoparia Waldst in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats and Identification of Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibitors.

We investigated the antihypertensive effects of Artemisia scoparia (AS) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The rats were fed diets containing 2% (w/w) hot water extracts of AS aerial parts for 6 weeks. The AS group had significantly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels than the control group.

In vitro antioxidative and binding properties of phenolics in traditional, citrus and exotic fruits.

Many polyphenols bind proteins, therefore our research was focused on the potential of protein binding to polyphenols of investigated fruits and their health-related effects. The contents of polyphenols and related antioxidant activities of traditional, citrus and exotic fruits were compared. The presence of polyphenols (flavonoids and phenolic acids) in the investigated samples and their interaction with human serum albumin (HSA) was studied by HPLC, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and three dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy (3D-FL).

Analytical determination of bioactive compounds as an indication of fruit quality.

The aim of this investigation was to determine the bioactive compounds in kiwifruit as an indication of quality after extraction using methanol and ethyl acetate. Using FTIR and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and electrospray ionization/MS, the contents of polyphenols, flavonoids, flavanols, and tannins, and the level of the antioxidant activity by 2, 2-azino-bis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ferric-reducing/ antioxidant power, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assays were determined and compared. It was found that the methanol extracts of kiwifruit showed significantly higher amounts of bioactive acetate extracts.

Nutritional and pharmaceutical properties of bioactive compounds in organic and conventional growing kiwifruit.

The bioactivity of two kiwifruit's cultivars growing under organic and conventional conditions were studied and compared. The bioactive compounds were extracted with water and ethanol using similar conditions which are applied in pharmaceutical applications and for daily fruit consumption such as tea drink. Antioxidant radical scavenging assays [ferric-reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP); cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC); 2, 2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS)], fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and ultraviolet spectroscopy, two (2D-FL) and three-dimensional (3D-FL) fluorometry were used for the detection of biologically active metabolites derived from kiwifruits (total phenols, flavonoids, chlorophylls, carotenoids and ascorbic acid).

Organic and conventional kiwifruit, myths versus reality: antioxidant, antiproliferative, and health effects.

Comparison between organic and conventional kiwifruit cultivars 'Hayward' and 'Bidan', which was done by four radical scavenging assays, ESI-MS, and DSC measurements, showed significant differences between the cultivars. Such results were not estimated in kiwifruit growing under organic and conventional conditions. The extraction of bioactive compounds was done by two different methods: sequential extraction with ethyl acetate followed by methanol and maceration with methanol and ethyl acetate.

Characterization of Rapana thomasiana as an indicator of environmental quality of the Black Sea coast of Bulgaria.

The aim of this investigation was to determine the contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), minerals, trace elements and bioactivity in the gastropod Rapana thomasiana, which can be used as an environmental bioindicator organism. The chemical differences between Rapana thomasiana from polluted (RapaPol) and non-polluted (RapaNPol) sites of the Black Sea coast in Bulgarian were investigated. Chromatography and high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS) were used for evaluation of PAHs, PCBs, minerals and trace elements.