Direct growth of ferroelectric orthorhombic ZrO on Ru by atomic layer deposition at 300 °C.

Fluorite-structured binary oxide ferroelectrics exhibit robust ferroelectricity at a thickness below 10 nm, making them highly scalable and applicable for high-end semiconductor devices. Despite this promising prospect, achieving highly reliable ferroelectrics still demands a significant thermal budget to form a ferroelectric phase, being a hurdle for their use in high-end complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) processing. Here, we report a robust ferroelectric behavior of an 8 nm-thick ZrO film deposited plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition at 300 °C on a (002)-oriented Ru without any post-annealing process, demonstrating high compatibility with CMOS processing.

Carbon monoxide poisoning is associated with an increased risk of epilepsy and status epilepticus: a nationwide population-based cohort study conducted in the Republic of Korea between 2002-2021.

Introduction: Carbon monoxide poisoning may result in various neurological injuries, including acute symptomatic seizures. We aimed to investigate the long-term risk of epilepsy and status epilepticus in patients with previous carbon monoxide poisoning.

Methods: The study population was derived from the National Health Insurance Service database of the Republic of Korea between 1 January 2002 and 31 December 2021.

Enhancing salt tolerance in rice genotypes through exogenous melatonin application by modulating growth patterns and antistress agents.

Melatonin is a bioactive molecule with an important role in plants responding to various abiotic and biotic stresses. This study aims to determine the role of melatonin in rice under salt stress. This study used a factorial completely randomized design.

Evaluation of the Flexural Behavior of One-Way Slabs by the Amount of Carbon Grid Manufactured by Adhesive Bonding.

Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs), which are resistant to corrosion, are used as reinforcement material for concrete. However, the flexural behavior of concrete members reinforced with FRPs can vary depending on the properties of FRPs. In this study, the flexural behavior of one-way concrete slab specimens reinforced with a new grid-type carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) (carbon grid) manufactured by bonding pultruded CFRP strands to an adhesive was investigated.

Honokiol-induced SIRT3 upregulation protects hippocampal neurons by suppressing inflammatory processes in pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus.

Status epilepticus (SE), a continuous and self-sustaining epileptic seizure lasting more than 30 min, is a neurological emergency that can cause severe brain injuries and increase the risk for the development of epilepsy. Over the past few decades, accumulating evidence has suggested the importance of brain inflammation in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Honokiol (HNK), a pharmacological activator of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), is a bioactive compound extracted from the bark or leaves of Magnolia plants that possesses therapeutic benefits for preventing the development of inflammatory injury.

Regulatory Dynamics of Plant Hormones and Transcription Factors under Salt Stress.

The negative impacts of soil salinization on ion homeostasis provide a significant global barrier to agricultural production and development. Plant physiology and biochemistry are severely affected by primary and secondary NaCl stress impacts, which damage cellular integrity, impair water uptake, and trigger physiological drought. Determining how transcriptional factors (TFs) and hormone networks are regulated in plants in response to salt stress is necessary for developing crops that tolerate salt.

Lignin Nanoparticles: Transforming Environmental Remediation.

In the face of escalating environmental challenges driven by human activities, the quest for innovative solutions to counter pollution, contamination, and ecological degradation has gained paramount importance. Traditional approaches to environmental remediation often fall short in addressing the complexity and scale of modern-day environmental problems. As industries transition towards sustainable paradigms, the exploration of novel materials and technologies becomes crucial.

Integrative MR Imaging Interpretation in Cognitive Impairment with Alzheimer's Disease, Small Vessel Disease, and Glymphatic Function-Related MR Parameters.

Rationale And Objectives: The role of MR imaging in patients with cognitive impairment is to evaluate each component of Alzheimer's disease (AD), small vessel disease (SVD), and glymphatic function. We want to validate the diagnostic performance of the comprehensive interpretation of these parameters to predict the cognitive impairment stage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective single-center study included 359 patients with cognitive impairment who had undergone MRI (FLAIR, T2WI, 3D-T1WI, susceptibility-weighted imaging, and diffusion tensor imaging [DTI]) and a neuropsychological screening battery between January 2020 and July 2022.

Development and Validation of Artificial Intelligence Models for Prognosis Prediction of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy with Clinical and Radiological Features.

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is a common adolescent epilepsy characterized by myoclonic, generalized tonic-clonic, and sometimes absence seizures. Prognosis varies, with many patients experiencing relapse despite pharmacological treatment. Recent advances in imaging and artificial intelligence suggest that combining microstructural brain changes with traditional clinical variables can enhance potential prognostic biomarkers identification.

Assessing and Charting the Future Path : Addressing the Decline of Brain Tumor Specialists in Korea - Insights from the Korea Brain Tumor Society (KBTS) Future Strategy Committee of 2023.

Objective: Although Republic of Korea is an advanced country in medical technology with a successful treatment rate for serious diseases, such as cancer, and has improved technology for highly difficult surgery, many excellent medical doctors and physicians are struggling due to the recent unreasonable medical environment. Specialization in brain tumor surgery also faces challenges in Republic of Korea, including low financial incentives, legal threats, and limited career prospects. In response, the Korea Brain Tumor Society (KBTS) formed the Future Strategy Committee to assess these obstacles and propose solutions.

Analysis of Rice Blast Fungus Genetic Diversity and Identification of a Novel Blast Resistance Gene.

The rice blast fungus poses a significant challenge to maintaining rice production. Developing rice varieties with resistance to this disease is crucial for its effective control. To understand the genetic variability of blast isolates collected between 2015 and 2017, the 27 monogenic rice lines that carry specific resistance genes were used to evaluate blast disease reactions.

OsCKq1 Regulates Heading Date and Grain Weight in Rice in Response to Day Length.

Background: Photoperiod sensitivity is among the most important agronomic traits of rice, as it determines local and seasonal adaptability and plays pivotal roles in determining yield and other key agronomic characteristics. By controlling the photoperiod, early-maturing rice can be cultivated to shorten the breeding cycle, thereby reducing the risk of yield losses due to unpredictable climate change. Furthermore, early-maturing and high-yielding rice needs to be developed to ensure food security for a rapidly growing population.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid treatment promotes resistance against in rice.

The (Horváth) (Homoptera: Delphacidae) is a white-backed planthopper (WBPH) that causes "hopper burn" in rice, resulting in severe yield loss. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a well-known neurotransmitter that inhibits neurotransmission in insects by binding to specific receptors. In this study, we investigated the potential role of GABA in modulating rice resistance to WBPH and evaluated possible defense mechanisms.

Stochastic switching and analog-state programmable memristor and its utilization for homomorphic encryption hardware.

Homomorphic encryption performs computations on encrypted data without decrypting, thereby eliminating security issues during the data communication between clouds and edges. As a result, there is a growing need for homomorphic encryption hardware (HE-HW) for the edges, where low power consumption and a compact form factor are desired. Here, a Pt/TaO/Mo metallic cluster-type memristors (Mo-MCM) characterized by the Mo as a mobile species, and its utilization for the HE-HW via a 1-trasistor-1-memristor (1T1M) array as a prototype HE-HW is proposed.