Comparative carotenoid compositions during maturation and their antioxidative capacities of three citrus varieties.

This study investigated total carotenoid content, comparative carotenoid composition, vitamin C content, and total antioxidant capacity of three citrus varieties which are Yuza (Citrus junos Sieb ex Tabaka), Kjool (Citrus unshiu Marcow), and Dangyooja (Citrus grandis Osbeck). Seven carotenoids were identified, with β-cryptoxanthin, astaxanthin, and zeaxanthin being predominant in citrus varieties. Ripening increased the total carotenoid in three citrus varieties.

The hypoglycemic effects of American red ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) on a diabetic mouse model.

Unlabelled: American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) root health benefits include treatment of type 2 diabetes and this study evaluated the hypoglycemic effects of American red ginseng (ARG). ARG roots have increased bioactive phenolic contents, such as cinnamic acid and ferulic acid during the steaming process.

2'-hydroxylation of genistein enhanced antioxidant and antiproliferative activities in mcf-7 human breast cancer cells.

Bioconversion of the isoflavonoid genistein to 2'- hydroxygenistein (2'-HG) was performed using isoflavone 2'-hydroxylase (CYP81E1) heterologously expressed in yeast. A monohydroxylated product was analyzed by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) and NMR spectrometry and was identified as 2'-HG. An initial bioconversion rate of 6% was increased up to 14% under optimized conditions.

Major phytochemical composition of 3 native Korean citrus varieties and bioactive activity on V79-4 cells induced by oxidative stress.

Three citrus varieties grown in Korea, namely, Yuza (Citrus junos Sieb ex Tanaka), Kjool (Citrus unshiu Marcow), and Dangyooja (Citrus grandis Osbeck), were evaluated for their dietary fiber, total phenolics, total flavonoids, and total carotenoids as well as individual flavonoids composition. The biochemical characteristics of citrus varieties were examined by the antioxidant capacity (731 to 1221 micromol of Trolox equivalent/g), total phenolic (334 to 411 mg of chlorogenic acid equivalent/100 g), total flavonoid contents (214 to 281 mg of catechin equivalent/100 g), and total carotenoid contents (63 to 84 mg/100 g). Six flavonoids, including naringin, naringenin, hesperidin, hesperetin, neohesperidin, and luteolin, were tentatively identified.

Comparative flavonoids contents of selected herbs and associations of their radical scavenging activity with antiproliferative actions in V79-4 cells.

To elucidate the health benefit of herbal teas on the cytotoxicity induced by H(2)O(2) in V79-4 cells, herbal extracts and its flavonoids were tested using lactate dehydrogenase release and determining intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and antioxidant activity with superoxide radical scavenging assay. Significant decrease in cell viability was observed on V79-4 cells treated with H(2)O(2) (1 mM), while herbal extracts and its flavonoids including catechin and epigallocatechin gallate prevented the LDH release from H(2)O(2) cytotoxicity. Total catechin contents of green tea (65.

Chiral separation and discrimination of catechin by sinorhizobial octasaccharides in capillary electrophoresis and (13)C NMR spectroscopy.

Succinoglycan, a sinorhizobial exopolysaccharide produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti, is composed of an octasaccharide subunit. S. meliloti produces both high-molecular-weight and low-molecular-weight (M(r)<10,000) succinoglycans which consist of monomers, dimers, or trimers.

Protective effect of steamed American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) on V79-4 cells induced by oxidative stress.

Heat-processed Asian ginseng roots (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), also known as "red ginseng" in Asia, are reported to have more bioactivity than the no-processed white ginseng roots.

Potent inhibitory effects of resveratrol derivatives on progression of prostate cancer cells.

Resveratrol has been identified as a potent anticancer agent in a variety of studies. In this study, several resveratrol derivatives were synthesized and investigated in the search for an anticancer agent with higher efficacy than resveratrol. During our examination of cancer cell lines, compounds C, F, and G evidenced higher inhibitory activity than resveratrol with regard to the growth of PC-3 and LNCaP human prostate cancer cells.

Variation in major antioxidants and total antioxidant activity of Yuzu (Citrus junos Sieb ex Tanaka) during maturation and between cultivars.

Epidemiological studies suggest that a high consumption of fruits can reduce the risk of some cancers and cardiovascular disease, and this may be attributable to the antioxidant activity of vitamins and phenolic compounds. The present study investigated the variations in vitamin C, total phenolic, hesperidin, and naringin contents, and total antioxidant activity of yuzu (Citrus junos Sieb ex Tanaka)-which is a popular citrus fruit in Korea and Japan-between cultivars and during maturity. The amounts of phenolics and vitamin C and the antioxidant activity in all tested yuzu cultivars were higher in peel than in flesh.