Biomarkers.

Background: While numerous blood biomarkers have been proposed for Alzheimer's disease (AD), only a few have demonstrated definitive diagnostic value. Recently, a set of phosphorylated Tau proteins, particularly pT217, have emerged as promising candidates with superior diagnostic performance. Given the development of pT217 antibodies by major global pharmaceutical companies, our goal is to create the best-in-class pT217 antibody, establishing it as the gold standard for diagnostics.

Focal incidental colorectal fluorodeoxyglucose uptake: Should it be spotlighted?

Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has emerged as a cornerstone in cancer evaluation imaging, with a well-established history spanning several years. This imaging modality, encompassing the examination of the body from the base of the skull to the upper thighs, comprehensively covers the chest and abdominopelvic regions in a singular scan, allowing for a holistic assessment of nearly the entire body, including areas of marginal interest. The inherent advantage of this expansive scan range lies in its potential to unveil unexpected incidental abnormal hypermetabolic areas.

Significance of incidental focal fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in colon/rectum, thyroid, and prostate: With a brief literature review.

Background: Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-18 FDG PET/CT), a functional imaging method, is usually performed on the entire torso, and regions of unexpected suspicious focal hypermetabolism are not infrequently observed. Among the regions, colon, thyroid, and prostate were found to be the common organs in a recent umbrella review. Some studies reported that a high rate of malignancy was shown in incidentally identified focal hypermetabolic regions and suggested that further examinations should not be ignored.

Assessment of incidental focal colorectal uptake by analysis of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography parameters.

Background: Colon and rectal cancers are among the top five cancers worldwide in terms of their incidence and mortality rates. As the treatment options for cure include surgery even in specific advanced-stage cases, the early detection of lesions is important for applying active treatment methods. Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is an established imaging study for many types of cancers; however, physiologic uptake in the gastrointestinal tract is a frequent finding and may interfere with lesion identification.

Initial diagnostic workup of parkinsonism: Dopamine transporter positron emission tomography versus susceptibility map-weighted imaging at 3T.

Background And Purpose: Evaluation of dorsal nigral hyperintensity on MRI can help detect nigrostriatal degeneration. We aimed to compare the diagnostic performance between susceptibility map-weighted imaging (SMWI) and N-3-fluoropropyl-2-β-carbomethoxy-3-β-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane (F-FP-CIT) positron emission tomography (PET) as an initial diagnostic tool of parkinsonism.

Materials And Methods: This local ethics committee-approved retrospective study enrolled 223 patients with parkinsonism and 15 healthy subjects (mean age, 69.

Angiogenic Type I Collagen Extracellular Matrix Integrated with Recombinant Bacteriophages Displaying Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors.

Here, a growth-factor-integrated natural extracellular matrix of type I collagen is presented that induces angiogenesis. The developed matrix adapts type I collagen nanofibers integrated with synthetic colloidal particles of recombinant bacteriophages that display vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The integration is achieved during or after gelation of the type I collagen and the matrix enables spatial delivery of VEGF into a desired region.

Practical use of bone scan in patients with an osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture.

Rib fractures are one of main causes of chest or flank pain when related to an osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF). The authors investigated the incidence and risk factors of rib fracture in 284 patients with OVCF using bone scans and evaluated the feasibility as to whether bone scans could be utilized as a useful screening tool. Hot uptake lesions on ribs were found in 122 cases (43.

Prognostic Value of Metabolic Tumor Volume Estimated by (18) F-FDG Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of Stage II or III Disease.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of metabolic tumor volume (MTV) measured by (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with rituximab-containing immunochemotherapy.

Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL who underwent pre-treatment torso FDG-PET/CT scan taken within 10 days before treatment were included. MTV was defined as the volume of hypermetabolic tissue with a standardized uptake value (SUV) greater than a threshold value of 2.

Fabrication of a silica nanocable using hydroxyl-group core-engineered filamentous virus.

Biological materials with surface-active proteins can be genetically modified to bind target materials. In particular, filamentous-shaped M13 bacteriophages (M13 phage) are attractive scaffolds for functional nanostructures due to their highly ordered protein-coat surface. This paper demonstrates a simple method for fabricating silica nanocables along a modified M13 phage.

Pseudopathologic vertebral body enhancement in the presence of superior vena cava obstruction on computed tomography.

Background Context: Superior vena cava (SVC) obstruction can cause the development of collateral vessels. During contrast-enhanced thoracic computed tomography (CT), contrast material may reflux into the collaterals such as paravertebral venous plexus. However, an unusual pseudopathologic vertebral body enhancement on CT in the presence of SVC obstruction has not been studied previously.

Usefulness of (18)F-FDG PET/CT for the Evaluation of Bone Marrow Involvement in Patients with High-Grade Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

Purpose: To assess the usefulness of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT in the detection of bone marrow (BM) involvement of high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).

Methods: One hundred twenty patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma or peripheral T-cell lymphoma between January 2007 and June 2011, who received BM trephine biopsy and (18)F-FDG PET/CT before chemotherapy, were included in this retrospective study. We reviewed their (18)F-FDG PET/CT images and bone marrow biopsy (BMB) results.

Medical image retrieval: past and present.

With the widespread dissemination of picture archiving and communication systems (PACSs) in hospitals, the amount of imaging data is rapidly increasing. Effective image retrieval systems are required to manage these complex and large image databases. The authors reviewed the past development and the present state of medical image retrieval systems including text-based and content-based systems.

Role of FDG-PET/CT in detecting lymphomatous bone marrow involvement in patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

To evaluate the role of FDG-PET/CT in detecting bone marrow (BM) involvement, pre-treatment bilateral bone marrow biopsies (BMBs) and FDG-PET/CT scans of 89 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with rituximab-CHOP were reviewed and analyzed. Fourteen patients (15.7%) had lymphomatous involvement based on BMB (BMB+), and 17 patients (19.

Sternal fracture in the emergency department: diagnostic value of multidetector CT with sagittal and coronal reconstruction images.

Background: Multidetector CT (MDCT) is being increasingly used for patients with traumatic injuries in the emergency room. This is the first study to evaluate the diagnostic performance of MDCT for sternal fracture.

Patients And Methods: For 87 patients who had motor vehicle accidents, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of MDCT for the sternal fractures.

Usefulness of F-18 FDG PET/CT in Assessment of Recurrence of Cervical Cancer After Treatment.

Objective: Until now, serum tumor markers, physical examination, and conventional imaging modalities, such as CT or MRI, have been used in assessment of recurrence of cervical cancer after treatment. However, CT and MRI provide only anatomical data, which makes analysis of post-treatment change difficult. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of PET/CT, a new scanning device that combines PET and CT, in evaluation of cervical cancer lesions in patients with suspected recurrence.

Is this Red Spot the Blue Spot (locus ceruleus)?

The authors report brain images of 18F-FDG-PET in a case of schizophrenia. The images showed strikingly increased bilateral uptake in the locus ceruleus. The locus ceruleus is called the blue spot and known to be a center of the norepinephrinergic system.

Reverse Redistribution in Myocardial Perfusion Imaging: Revisited with 64-slice MDCT.

The authors report myocardial perfusion imaging of a patient showing reverse redistribution (RR) and a 64-slice multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) with corresponding findings. The patient had subendocardial myocardial infarction (MI) with positive electrocardiogram (EKG) findings and elevated levels of cardiac isoenzymes. Experiencing this case emphasizes the importance of complementary correlation of a new diagnostic modality that helps us to understand the nature of RR.