Anti-obesity and other health benefits of bioprocessed black rice bran in combination with green tea extract in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells and in mice on a high-fat diet.

Black rice bran, a waste product from the commercial milling of black rice that removes the bran and germ leaving the starchy endosperm, contains bioactive anthocyanin, phenolic, and phytosteroid compounds that may have health benefits. This study determined the effect of a polysaccharide-rich bioprocessed (fermented) black rice bran and a green tea extract individually and in combination on weight loss in orally fed mice on a high-fat diet and on concurrent changes in blood glucose and insulin as well as in cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density and low-density lipoproteins (HDL and LDL). At the end of the eight-week feeding study, the combination diet resulted in a 67% lower weight gain than mice on a high-fat diet alone, a greater effect than that of bioprocessed black rice bran or green tea extract individually.

Safeguarding the brain from oxidative damage.

Oxidative stress imposes a substantial cellular burden on the brain and contributes to diverse neurodegenerative diseases. Various antioxidant signaling pathways have been implicated in oxidative stress and have a protective effect on brain cells by increasing the release of numerous enzymes and through anti-inflammatory responses to oxidative damage caused by abnormal levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although many molecules evaluated as antioxidants have shown therapeutic potentials in preclinical studies, the results of clinical trials have been less than satisfactory.

Predictive Value of the nProfiler 1 Assay for the Efficacy of Adjuvant S-1-Based Doublet Chemotherapy in Stage III Gastric Cancer: A Post-Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Phase III Trial.

Purpose: The nProfiler 1 Stomach Cancer Assay (nProfiler1), designed to predict responses to fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy, measures the expression of four gastric cancer target genes (GZMB, WARS, SFRP4, and CDX1). The randomized phase III POST trial aimed to compare the efficacies of two adjuvant S-1-based doublet chemotherapies: S-1 plus cisplatin (SP) and S-1 plus docetaxel (DS). This study aimed to validate the nProfiler1 assay using a distinct cohort from the POST trial.

The effectiveness of a transitional care program for frail older adults between hospital and home: A randomized controlled trial.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a transitional care program developed for frail older adults. A single-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted. Thirty-two frail older adults were enrolled in the study.

Sleep efficiency in community-dwelling persons living with dementia: exploratory analysis using machine learning.

Study Objectives: Sleep disturbances lead to negative health outcomes and caregiver burden, particularly in community settings. This study aimed to investigate a predictive model for sleep efficiency and its associated features in older adults living with dementia in their own homes.

Methods: This was an exploratory, observational study.

Bronchial washing fluid sequencing is useful in the diagnosis of lung cancer with necrotic tumor.

Background: Early-stage lung cancers detected by low-dose computed tomography (CT) often require confirmation through invasive procedures due to the absence of endobronchial lesions. This study assesses the diagnostic utility of bronchial washing fluid (BW) sequencing, a less invasive alternative, aiming to identify patient characteristics most suited for this approach.

Methods: From June 2017 to March 2018, we conducted a prospective cohort study by enrolling patients with incidental lung lesions suspected of early-stage lung cancer at two independent hospitals, and 114 were diagnosed with lung cancer while 50 were diagnosed with benign lesions.

Metabolic syndrome clustering patterns and the association with cardiovascular disease among post-menopausal Korean women.

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of diseases conceptualized as a clustering of risk factors, with the risks of developing MetS in women varying significantly before and after menopause. This study investigated MetS clustering patterns and their association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among post-menopausal women (n = 2479) using data from the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study. Using latent class analysis, three groups emerged: diabetic (5.

Toxicological Evaluation of a Polyherbal Formulation (18KHT01) and Validation of UPLC-DAD Method for Quality Control.

18KHT01 is a novel synergistic composition of , , , and a small portion of . Our previous report demonstrated that the 18KHT01 exhibits potent antiobesity effects, with synergistic antioxidant, antiadipogenic, and antiobesity activities in diet-induced obese mice. This study explores the toxicity profile and quality control parameters of the 18KHT01 formulation.

Case of pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting as ground-glass opacity in the lower lung.

Nodules and cysts with upper lobe predominance on chest computed tomography (CT) are highly suggestive of pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH). Herein, we describe a case of PLCH that presented with the unusual CT findings of subpleural ground-glass opacity (GGO) and traction bronchiectasis mostly in both lower lungs. No nodules or cysts were observed in the upper or middle lung areas.

Efficacy of transdermal buprenorphine patch for managing withdrawal symptoms in patients with cancer physically dependent on prescription opioids.

Background: The physical dependence on prescription opioids among cancer survivors remains an under-investigated area, with a scarcity of well-designed prospective studies.

Methods: This single-arm, phase-2 clinical trial in Korea assessed the efficacy and safety of a transdermal buprenorphine patch (TBP) in managing physical dependence on prescription opioids in cancer survivors, as confirmed through the DSM-5 criteria or psychiatric consultation for opioid withdrawal. This study involved a 4-phase treatment protocol of screening, induction/stabilization, discontinuation, and monitoring.

Occupational and environmental risk factors for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A case-control study.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the environmental and occupational risk factors of IPF.

Methods: This hospital-based, case-control study included 206 patients with IPF selected from the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Interstitial Lung Disease registry and 167 controls without lung disease.

[Pleural Metastasis of Lung Cancer Combined with Pleuroparenchymal Fibroelastosis: A Case Report].

Pleural metastasis is the most common cause of malignant diseases involving the pleura, and characterized by pleural effusion, nodules, and thickening. Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) is a disease characterized by apical pleural thickening and subjacent parenchymal fibrosis. We report a case of a 60-year-old male with lung cancer in the left lower lobe and underlying PPFE combined with left apical pleural metastasis.

Optimal Systolic Blood Pressure for the Prevention of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in Older Adults With Hypertension: Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: Target systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels for older adults with hypertension vary across countries, leading to challenges in determining the appropriate SBP level.

Objective: This study aims to identify the optimal SBP level for minimizing all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in older Korean adults with hypertension.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used data from the National Health Insurance Service database.

Inhibiting Nav1.7 channels in pulpitis: An in vivo study on neuronal hyperexcitability.

Pulpitis constitutes a significant challenge in clinical management due to its impact on peripheral nerve tissue and the persistence of chronic pain. Despite its clinical importance, the correlation between neuronal activity and the expression of voltage-gated sodium channel 1.7 (Nav1.

Colon cancer: the 2023 Korean clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis and treatment.

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in Korea and the third leading cause of death from cancer. Treatment outcomes for colon cancer are steadily improving due to national health screening programs with advances in diagnostic methods, surgical techniques, and therapeutic agents..

Selenoprotein W engages in overactive osteoclast differentiation in multiple myeloma.

Background: Patients with multiple myeloma exhibit malignant osteolytic bone disease due to excessive osteoclast formation and function. We recently identified that osteoclastogenic stimulator selenoprotein W (SELENOW) is upregulated via ERK signaling and downregulated via p38 signaling during receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-κΒ ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. In the intrinsic physiological process, RANKL-induced downregulation of SELENOW maintains proper osteoclast differentiation; in contrast, forced overexpression of SELENOW leads to overactive osteoclast formation and function.

Cold-shock Domain Protein A (CSDA) Influences Hepatocyte Growth Factor-medicated Cell Proliferation and Metastasis in Gastric Cancer Cells.

Background/aim: A role for cold-shock domain (CSD) proteins in abnormal cell proliferation has been suggested in the literature. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced up-regulation of CSD protein A (CSDA) expression on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and its role in gastric cancer cell invasion and proliferation.

Materials And Methods: We assessed effects on two gastric cancer cell lines using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, and CSDA knockdown with short hairpin RNA.

The Important Role of GPX1 and NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Human Gastric Cancer: Implications for Cell Proliferation and Invasion.

Background/aim: Glutathione peroxidases (GPXs) are crucial antioxidant enzymes, counteracting reactive oxygen species (ROS). GPX overexpression promotes proliferation and invasion in cancer cells. Glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX1), the most abundant isoform, contributes to invasion, migration, cisplatin resistance, and proliferation in various cancers.

Evaluation of Anti-Obesity and Antidiabetic Activities of in Cell and Animal Models.

is a popular traditional medicinal herb used in Asian countries. This study is focused on evaluating its role in lipid and glucose metabolism in cell and animal models to establish the plant as an anti-obesity and antidiabetic herb. A butanol fraction of was used in the study.

Effectiveness of a media literacy-based smoking prevention program in female adolescents.

Objectives: To examine the effectiveness of a media literacy-based smoking prevention program based on Ajzen's theory of planned behavior in female adolescents.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with female high school students aged 16-17 years in Seoul, Republic of Korea. The program provided eight sessions over 4 weeks.

Attitudes toward Social Issues Related to Opioid Use among Palliative Care Physicians.

Purpose: This study investigated palliative care physicians' attitudes regarding social issues related to opioid use.

Methods: An email survey was sent to 674 physicians who were members of the Korean Society for Hospice and Palliative Care (KSHPC).

Results: Data from 66 physicians were analyzed (response rate, 9.

What Matters to Chinese and Korean American Dementia Caregivers: Navigating Cultural Influences in Dementia Care from Caregivers' Perspectives.

Background: Chinese and Korean Americans are among the fastest-growing minority groups in the US but face disparities in income and limited English proficiency, leading to health inequities in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) care.

Objective: This study aims to understand cultural influences in ADRD care from the perspectives of Chinese and Korean American caregivers to inform culturally sensitive support for caregivers in Asian immigrant populations.

Methods: We conducted a study that was part of a broader project aimed at informing the cultural adaptation of the NYU Caregiver Intervention-Enhanced Support (NYUCI-ES) program specifically for Chinese and Korean American caregivers managing multiple chronic conditions.