Fluid Resuscitation and Initial Management in Patients Presenting with Sepsis in the General Ward.

The optimal management of hospital-presenting sepsis remains poorly understood. We investigated the initial management in patients presenting with sepsis in the general ward, the association between fluid resuscitation and clinical outcomes, and the factors affecting fluid resuscitation. A retrospective study was conducted on patients who presented with sepsis-induced hypotension in the general ward.

Impact of Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Colonization on Clinical Characteristics, Antibiotic Treatment, and Clinical Outcomes of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia.

Purpose: To determine effects of colonization with multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) in general wards on characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP).

Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients with HAP admitted to 16 tertiary or university hospitals in Korea from July 2019 to December 2019. From the entire cohort, patients who developed pneumonia in general wards with known colonization status before the onset of pneumonia were included in this study.

Clinical significance of various pathogens identified in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD: a multi-center study in South Korea.

Background: Respiratory infection is a major cause of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). We investigated the presence of bacterial and viral pathogens and clinical features in patients with AECOPD.

Methods: This retrospective study included 1,186 patients diagnosed with AECOPD from 28 hospitals in South Korea between 2015-2018.

Comparison of In-Shoe Pedobarographic Variables between 2 Orthoses during Toe and Heel Gaits.

Background: The choice of an appropriate type of orthosis depends on the patient's specific condition and needs. Different types of orthoses can affect plantar pressure distribution during certain gait patterns. Toe and heel gaits are common patterns of gait assigned for optimal recovery in patients with foot or ankle injuries.

Efficacy and safety of everolimus for patients with focal cortical dysplasia type 2.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of everolimus in treating seizures associated with focal cortical dysplasia type 2 (FCD 2).

Methods: A prospective, crossover, placebo-controlled clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03198949) enrolled patients aged 4-40 years with pathologically confirmed FCD 2 and a history of ≥3 seizures per month for two out of the 3 months prior to screening.

Spatiotemporal modeling of molecular holograms.

Quantifying spatiotemporal dynamics during embryogenesis is crucial for understanding congenital diseases. We developed Spateo (https://github.com/aristoteleo/spateo-release), a 3D spatiotemporal modeling framework, and applied it to a 3D mouse embryogenesis atlas at E9.

Spatiotemporal lineage tracing reveals the dynamic spatial architecture of tumor growth and metastasis.

Tumor progression is driven by dynamic interactions between cancer cells and their surrounding microenvironment. Investigating the spatiotemporal evolution of tumors can provide crucial insights into how intrinsic changes within cancer cells and extrinsic alterations in the microenvironment cooperate to drive different stages of tumor progression. Here, we integrate high-resolution spatial transcriptomics and evolving lineage tracing technologies to elucidate how tumor expansion, plasticity, and metastasis co-evolve with microenvironmental remodeling in a -driven mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma.

Efficacy and Safety of Sarpogrelate on Symptom Improvement in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) and/or Being at Risk of PAD: A Single Arm, Multi-Centered, Open-Label Trial.

Aims: To assess the efficacy and safety of sarpogrelate (300 mg) for symptom improvement in patients having peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and/or being at risk of PAD in clinical practice using the Peripheral Artery Questionnaire (PAQ).

Background: Symptomatic changes with antiplatelets in patients with PAD are limited.

Objective: To determine the effect and safety of sarpogrelate on the PAQ at 24 weeks from baseline.

kallisto, bustools and kb-python for quantifying bulk, single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-seq.

The term 'RNA-seq' refers to a collection of assays based on sequencing experiments that involve quantifying RNA species from bulk tissue, single cells or single nuclei. The kallisto, bustools and kb-python programs are free, open-source software tools for performing this analysis that together can produce gene expression quantification from raw sequencing reads. The quantifications can be individualized for multiple cells, multiple samples or both.

Effect of cations on aerobic granulation for sidestream treatment.

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) represents an aggregate of sludge formed through the self-immobilization of microorganisms under aerobic conditions. It is currently under scrutiny for its potential as a technology to reduce carbon emissions and promote sustainability. The practicality of AGS stems from its ability to encourage granule formation and enhance structural stability.

Effect of settling time and organic loading rates on aerobic granulation processes treating high strength wastewater.

Despite its numerous advantages, the aerobic granular sludge (AGS) process faces several challenges that hinder its widespread implementation. One such challenge is the requirement for high organic load ratios (OLR), which significantly impacts AGS formation and stability, posing a barrier to commercialization. In response to these challenges, this study investigates the granulation and treatment efficacy of the AGS process for treating high-concentration wastewater under various OLR and settling time.

Psoriasis as a Predictor of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship of psoriasis and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in a population with diabetic mellitus (DM).

Design: Nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Records of patients over 40 years of age who had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus from January 2009 to December 2012 were analyzed.

The role of FEV/FVC in the prediction of acute exacerbation of COPD.

Background: Whether the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s to forced vital capacity (FEV/FVC) can be used as a biomarker to predict the risk of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is unclear.

Methods: To investigate the predictive role of FEV/FVC for AECOPD, we analyzed data from an observational and multicenter cohort study of 2043 patients with COPD in KOREA. Exposures were post-bronchodilator FEV/FVC and/or percentage predicted FEV (FEV%pred).

Secondary Immunodeficiency and Non-cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis.

Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by abnormal dilation of the bronchi that causes cough, sputum, and recurrent infections. As it may be associated with various respiratory or systemic diseases, a critical aspect of managing bronchiectasis is to identify the underlying cause. Immunodeficiency is a rare but important cause of bronchiectasis, and its treatability is a significant trait for bronchiectasis management.

Prevalence of and factors associated with likely obstructive sleep apnea in individuals with airflow limitation.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is frequently associated with airflow limitation (AFL). However, information on the prevalence of and factors associated with likely OSA in individuals with AFL in Korea is limited.

Methods: Data from the 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were used, and 3,280 individuals (2,826 individuals without AFL and 454 individuals with AFL) were included.

Rapid Progression of Acute Interstitial Pneumonia in a Patient with Low MDA-5 Antibody Titer.

BACKGROUND Melanoma differentiation associated gene-5 antibody (MDA-5 Ab) is one of the diagnostic autoantibodies that appears in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). Unlike when other autoantibodies are positive, when this antibody is positive, there is less characteristic muscle involvement. However, this MDA-5 Ab-positive myopathy presents extremely rapid progression of interstitial lung disease, resulting in a high mortality rate.