Failed inferior vena cava filter retrieval by conventional method: Analysis of its causes and retrieval of it by modified double-loop technique.

Objectives: To evaluate the complications of the temporary implanted inferior vena cava (IVC) filter and the feasibility of double-loop technique for removal of complicated IVC filters.

Methods: From January 2012 to December 2013, a total of 25 patients with IVC filter were referred for IVC filter retrieval. There were 20 Celect®, 3 OptEase®, and 2 Günther-Tulip® filters.