Development of a Multiplex PCR to Simultaneously Detect Four Problematic Pathogens in Cymbidium kanran.

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Cg), Pestalotiopsis sp. (Ps), Fusarium oxysporum (Fo), and Fusarium proliferatum (Fp) are pathogens that cause various diseases of Cymbidium kanran. Species identification based on the morphological characteristics of pathogen-infected orchids is very complex and difficult; therefore, specific and reliable diagnostic methods are needed.

Enterotype-Specific Effects of Red Beetroot ( L.) Powder and Betanin on Human Gut Microbiota: A Preliminary Study Based on In Vitro Fecal Fermentation Model.

Red beetroots, rich in betanin, may act as prebiotics and impact gut microbiota. Because the human gut microbiota is unique to each person, the effectiveness of prebiotics varies with the enterotype. In this study, we hypothesized that the effects of red beetroot powder (RP) and betanin pigment (BP) would differ depending on the enterotype.

1-Acetyl-β-Carboline from a Jeju Gotjawal Strain sp. JNUCC 0626 and Its Melanogenic Stimulating Activity in B16F10 Melanoma Cells.

The genus is a prolific source of bioactive and structurally diverse secondary metabolites. We isolated a novel strain, sp. JNUCC 0626, from Hwasun Gotjawal on Jeju Island, Korea.

Anti-inflammatory effects of immature fruit extracts via suppression of NF-κB and MAPK signal pathways in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells.

This study examined the anti-inflammatory effects of 70% ethanol crude extract of immature fruits (ICE) and its solvent fractions in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, we analyzed the active compounds related to suppression of inflammation.

Recent advancement in OMICS approaches to enhance abiotic stress tolerance in legumes.

The world is facing rapid climate change and a fast-growing global population. It is believed that the world population will be 9.7 billion in 2050.

HYL1-CLEAVAGE SUBTILASE 1 (HCS1) suppresses miRNA biogenesis in response to light-to-dark transition.

The core plant microprocessor consists of DICER-LIKE 1 (DCL1), SERRATE (SE), and HYPONASTIC LEAVES 1 (HYL1) and plays a pivotal role in microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. However, the proteolytic regulation of each component remains elusive. Here, we show that HYL1-CLEAVAGE SUBTILASE 1 (HCS1) is a cytoplasmic protease for HYL1-destabilization.

Effects of Cooking and Processing Methods on Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant and Anti-Proliferative Activities of Broccoli Florets.

We investigated the effects of cooking (steaming and microwaving) and processing (freeze-drying and hot-air-drying) methods on the antioxidant activity of broccoli florets. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and alkyl free radical scavenging assays were employed to assess anti-oxidant potentials. The cytoprotective effect against oxidative damage induced by HO was studied using hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells.

Toxicity of dietary selenomethionine in juvenile steelhead trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: tissue burden, growth performance, body composition, hematological parameters, and liver histopathology.

The steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is the species most at risk from selenium (Se) exposure in the San Francisco Bay Delta (SFBD). However, although steelhead trout are usually exposed to environmental Se in the juvenile stage, data to test their sensitivity to excess Se, especially its organic form, in the juvenile stage are scarce. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to assess the sensitivity of juvenile steelhead trout to ecologically relevant forms of Se using integrated sensitive endpoints.

PDC1, a pyruvate/α-ketoacid decarboxylase, is involved in acetaldehyde, propanal and pentanal biosynthesis in melon (Cucumis melo L.) fruit.

Plant pyruvate decarboxylases (PDC) catalyze the decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetaldehyde and CO and are well known to play a key role in energy supply via fermentative metabolism in oxygen-limiting conditions. In addition to their role in fermentation, plant PDCs have also been hypothesized to be involved in aroma formation although, to date, there is no direct biochemical evidence for this function. We investigated the role of PDCs in fruit volatile biosynthesis, and identified a melon pyruvate decarboxylase, PDC1, that is highly expressed in ripe fruits.

Biosynthesis and accumulation of 20-hydroxyecdysone in individual male and female spinach plants during the reproductive stage.

The steroid 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) is a major component of phytoecdysteroid in plants and may play a defensive role against insect pests in higher plants. In spinach, the biosynthesis and accumulation of 20E have been investigated during the vegetative stage; however, these processes have not been clearly studied during the reproductive stage, particularly in male and female individuals. In this study, we analyzed the level and distribution of 20E in individual male and female spinach plants during the reproductive stage via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

HIGLE is a bifunctional homing endonuclease that directly interacts with HYL1 and SERRATE in Arabidopsis thaliana.

A highly coordinated complex known as the microprocessor precisely processes primary transcripts of MIRNA genes into mature miRNAs. In plants, the microprocessor minimally consists of three components: Dicer-like protein 1 (DCL1), HYPONASTIC LEAF 1 (HYL1), and SERRATE (SE). To precisely modulate miRNA maturation, the microprocessor cooperates with at least 12 proteins in plants.

In vitro plant regeneration of Aster scaber via somatic embryogenesis.

We established an in vitro plant regeneration system via somatic embryogenesis of Aster scaber, an important source of various biologically active phytochemicals. We examined the callus induction and embryogenic capacities of three explants, including leaves, petioles, and roots, on 25 different media containing different combinations of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzyladenine (BA). The optimum concentrations of NAA and BA for the production of embryogenic calli were 5.

Demineralized bone matrix, as a graft enhancer of auto-local bone in posterior lumbar interbody fusion.

Study Design: A case controlled study with prospective data collection.

Purpose: To evaluate the early influence and the final consequence of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) on auto-local bone as a graft enhancer in posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF).

Overview Of Literature: DBM is known as an osteoinductive material; however, it has not been clearly recognized to enhance auto-local bone with a small amount.

The degree of bacterial contamination while performing spine surgery.

Study Design: Prospective experimental study.

Purpose: To evaluate bacterial contamination during surgery.

Overview Of Literature: The participants of surgery and ventilation system have been known as the most significant sources of contamination.

The influence of postoperative tibiofemoral alignment on the clinical results of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of postoperative tibiofemoral alignment on the clinical results and failure in patients who underwent unicompartmental knee athroplasty (UKA).

Materials And Methods: We reviewed 246 cases of medial UKA which were followed up for at least 5 years after the operation. The clinical results were compared between 5 groups classified according to the tibiofemoral angle that was measured at 3 months after surgery.

Distribution and biosynthesis of 20-hydroxyecdysone in plants of Achyranthes japonica Nakai.

There is increasing interest in phytoecdysteroids (PEs) because of their potential role in plant defense against insects. To understand the mechanism regulating their levels in plants, the fluctuation, distribution, and biosynthesis of PE 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) examined in Achyranthes japonica. The total amount of 20E per individual plant initially remained at a constant level, and increased markedly after the first leaf pair (LP) stage, while the concentration of 20E in a given plant decreased rapidly during vegetative growth.