Direction-reversing Nystagmus in Horizontal and Posterior Semicircular Canal Canalolithiasis.

Objectives: To investigate the incidence and characteristics of direction-reversing nystagmus in patients with horizontal (HSCC) and posterior semicircular canal (PSCC) canalolithiasis, and evaluate the effect of direction-reversing nystagmus on the treatment outcome.

Study Design: A retrospective study.

Methods: Between March 2014 and September 2015, 63 and 92 consecutive patients with HSCC and PSCC canalolithiasis, respectively, were enrolled.

Abnormal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients With Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Vestibular Schwannoma as the Most Common Cause of MRI Abnormality.

The etiology of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) remains unclear in most cases. This study aimed to assess abnormal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with SSNHL and evaluate the value of MRI in identifying the cause of SSNHL.A retrospective analysis of the charts and MRI findings of 291 patients with SSNHL was performed.

Change of nystagmus direction during a head-roll test in lateral semicircular canal cupulolithiasis.

Objective: To demonstrate positional nystagmus during a head-roll test in two patients with lateral semicircular canal (LSCC) cupulolithiasis who presented with spontaneous detachment of otoliths from the LSCC cupula, and to confirm that otoliths may adhere to both the utricle and canal sides of the cupula.

Patients And Methods: Using video nystagmography, positional nystagmus was evaluated in two patients with LSCC cupulolithiasis who showed the change of nystagmus direction during a head-roll test.

Results: Both patients presented with persistent left-beating and right-beating nystagmus when the head was bent forward and backward, respectively.

Assessment of Change in Palatal Sensation in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients by Using Two-Point Palatal Discrimination.

Objectives: Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) have impaired responses to inspiratory resistive loading during sleep. This may be due, in part, to a change in the upper airway sensation. Therefore, we hypothesized that patients with OSAS have diminished upper airway sensation due to snoring.

Conversion between geotropic and apogeotropic persistent direction-changing positional nystagmus.

Conclusion: Clinical features in the course of conversion differed between patients with SSNHL and cupulopathy, which indicates that the pathophysiology of persistent geotropic or apogeotropic DCPN and the mechanism of the change in nystagmus direction may differ between the two groups.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate clinical characteristics of 10 patients with persistent DCPN who exhibited a conversion of nystagmus direction between geotropic and apogeotropic, and discuss possible mechanisms.

Methods: Using video-oculography, serial examinations of nystagmus in a head-roll test were performed.

Temporomandibular Joint Herniation Into the External Auditory Canal: Two Cases Involving a Persistent Foramen Tympanicum.

A congenital bony defect of the external auditory canal (EAC) may cause temporomandibular joint (TMJ) herniation into the EAC. This rare condition is known as persistent foramen tympanicum. We report 2 cases of symptomatic TMJ herniation through a patent foramen tympanicum.

Vibration- and hyperventilation-induced nystagmus in patients with Ramsay Hunt syndrome with vertigo.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to compare vibration-induced nystagmus (VIN) and hyperventilation-induced nystagmus (HVIN) findings in patients with Ramsay Hunt syndrome with vertigo (RHS-V), sudden sensorineural hearing loss with vertigo (SSNHL-V), and vestibular neuritis (VN) during the acute stage and to address the possible lesion sites of vestibular deficit in RHS-V.

Study Design: Case series with chart review.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Potential biomarkers for predicting outcomes in CABG cardiothoracic surgeries.

The variations in recovery time, complications, and survival among cardiac patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) procedures are vast. Many formulas and theories are used to predict clinical outcome and recovery time, and current prognostic predictions are based on medical and family history, lifestyle, co-morbidities, and performance status. The identification of biomarkers that provide concrete evidence supporting clinical outcome has greatly affected the field of medicine, helping clinicians in many medicine sub-specialties to forecast clinical course.