Active components from Artemisia iwayomogi displaying ONOO(-) scavenging activity.

Peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) is one of cytotoxic species produced by the reaction between superoxide (*O(2) (-)) and nitric oxide (NO). The main aim of this study was to identify ONOO(-) scavenging constituents from herbs. Methanolic extracts derived from one hundred thirty eight herbs were screened out for their ONOO(-) scavenging activities.

Modulation of glutathione and thioredoxin systems by calorie restriction during the aging process.

Accumulating evidence strongly suggests that oxidative stress underlies aging processes and that calorie restriction (CR) retards aging processes, leading to an extended lifespan for various organisms. Recent studies revealed that the anti-aging action of CR depends on its anti-oxidative mechanism. However, at present, the status of glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin (Trx) system, two major thiol redox systems in animal cells during aging and its modulation by CR has not fully been explored.