Highly Chemoselective Deoxygenation of N-Heterocyclic -Oxides Using Hantzsch Esters as Mild Reducing Agents.

Herein, we disclose a highly chemoselective room-temperature deoxygenation method applicable to various functionalized N-heterocyclic -oxides via visible light-mediated metallaphotoredox catalysis using Hantzsch esters as the sole stoichiometric reductant. Despite the feasibility of catalyst-free conditions, most of these deoxygenations can be completed within a few minutes using only a tiny amount of a catalyst. This technology also allows for multigram-scale reactions even with an extremely low catalyst loading of 0.

Visible-Light Photocatalyzed Deoxygenation of N-Heterocyclic N-Oxides.

A scalable and operationally simple method is described that allows for the chemoselective deoxygenation of a wide range of N-heterocyclic N-oxides (a total of 36 examples). This visible-light-induced protocol features the use of only commercially available reagents, room-temperature conditions, and unprecedented chemoselective removal of the oxygen atom in a quinoline N-oxide in the presence of a pyridine N-oxide in the same molecule through the judicious selection of a photocatalyst.

Post-Cleaning Effect on a HfO2 Gate Stack Using a NF3/NH3 Plasma.

The effects of dry cleaning of a HfO2 gate stack using NF3 only and a NF3/NH3 gas mixture plasma were investigated. The plasma dry cleaning process was carried out after HfO2 deposition using an indirect down-flow capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) system. An analysis of the chemical composition of the HfO2 gate stacks by XPS indicated that fluorine was incorporated into the HfO2 films during the plasma dry cleaning.

Measurement of bio-physical signals for posture movement on the transformation system.

A signal transformation system of posture movement for the stable state was designed in order to measure the bio-physical signal. To estimate the subject in a stable state on the basis of the bio-physical signal in the posture movement, the conditions of vision, vestibular, somatosensory apparatus and the central nervous system (CNS) were detected. Based on the vision condition, there was a greater average variation (Vi-α and Vi-α) in position with eyes closed and eyes opened (PC and PO), which was 27.