Variable aperture controlled by microelectrofluidic iris.

This Letter presents an adaptive liquid iris based on microelectrofluidic technology with experimental results. In the microelectrofluidic iris (MEFI), the electrostatic force generated by electrowetting in a surface channel unbalances the Laplace pressure acting on two fluidic interfaces between air and a light-absorbing liquid in two connected surface channels in a chamber. Then, the changed net pressure makes the iris aperture of the liquid diaphragm adjustable.

Zoom lens design using liquid lens for laparoscope.

Traditional laparoscopic optical systems consisting of about 30 lenses have low optical magnification. To magnify tissue during surgical operations, one must change from one laparoscope to another or use a magnifying adapter between the laparoscope and the sensor. Our work focuses on how to change the sag of a liquid lens while zooming from 1 × zoom, to 2 × , and 4 × in an optical design for a laparoscope.

Adaptive optical probe design for optical coherence tomography and microscopy using tunable optics.

We present a tunable, adaptive optical imaging probe for multimodal imaging such as optical coherence tomography and microscopy. The probe is compatible with forward-looking scanning laser imaging devices such as an endoscope. The lens configuration includes a tunable iris and two varifocal lenses, both driven by microelectrofluidics, as well as several conventional fixed focus lenses.

Varifocal liquid lens based on microelectrofluidic technology.

This Letter presents a tunable liquid lens based on microelectrofluidic technology. In the microelectrofluidic lens (MEFL), electrowetting in the hydrophobic surface channel induces the Laplace pressure difference between two fluidic interfaces on the lens aperture and the surface channel. Then, the pressure difference makes the lens curvature tunable.

Dermatomyositis associated with generalized subcutaneous edema and Evans syndrome.

Although periorbital edema is a common manifestation of dermatomyositis (DM), generalized subcutaneous edema associated with DM is extremely rare. Evans syndrome is an autoimmune disease in which an individual's antibodies attack one's own red blood cells and platelets. Evans syndrome is rarely a presenting feature of DM.

Subcutaneous dermatofibroma.

Dermatofibroma (DF) is usually confined to the dermis and the overlying epidermis is usually hyperplastic. Although DF with deep subcutaneous extension is commonly encountered, purely subcutaneous DF is uncommon. In this review, we describe a case of a 41-year-old male patient who presented with a painless, subcutaneous, hard papule on the left thigh.

Linear Lichen Sclerosus along the Blaschko's Line of the Face.

Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA) is an inflammatory disease that primarily causes anogenital lesion in middle aged women. We present here a case of facial LSA with an asymptomatic, well-demarcated, whitish to bluish, atrophic patch in a linear pattern on the forehead of a 48-year-old woman. This case showed an atypical clinical presentation and it mimicked en coup de sabre, but the histopathologic results confirmed the diagnosis of LSA.

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis caused by diltiazem.

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis is clinically characterized by fever, pruritus and an acute pustular eruption. It can be described as having an abrupt onset and then spontaneous resolution occurs shortly after the start of symptoms, and there is usually only a single episode. Most cases have been triggered by the ingestion of drugs.