Importance of serum phosphate in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus.

Background: Metabolic disturbances including changes in serum calcium, magnesium or phosphate (P) influence the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). We assessed the importance of serum P in elderly patients with type 2 DM non-diabetes mellitus (non-DM) in relation to renal function.

Aim: To determine the association between serum P and serum glucose or insulin resistance in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.

Triglycerides to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio Predicts Chronic Renal Disease in Patients without Diabetes Mellitus (STELLA Study).

Background: The triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio has been included in the potential indices for atherosclerosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, we addressed the role of the TG/HDL-C ratio on CKD prediction defined by both classified estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and classified urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) in non-diabetic participants.

Methods: One hundred and eighty-three subjects with a mean age 67.

Factors related to peripheral arterial disease in patients undergoing hemodialysis: the potential role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is substantially prevalent among patients in the end stage of renal disease (ESRD). We considered factors related to peripheral arterial disease in patients undergoing hemodialysis including the important role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) serum concentrations. We studied 150 patients in on-line-predilution hemodiafiltration.

Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Serum Concentrations and Cardiovascular Morbidity in End Stage of Renal Disease.

Introduction: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) is considered a main biomarker of oxidative stress, a common characteristic in end stage renal disease. We examined the relationship between ox-LDL serum concentrations and cardiovascular disease in permanent hemodiafiltration therapy patients.

Methods: Ox-LDL values were measured by ELISA and were corrected for LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) in 96 participants and in 45 healthy control subjects.

The Effect of the Oral Administration of Leucine on Endothelial Function, Glucose and Insulin Concentrations in Healthy Subjects.

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the potential differential effect of hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia induced by glucose infusion alone and in combination with leucine consumption on endothelial function in healthy individuals.

Methods: Ten male volunteers were examined in random order twice. In one visit, they consumed 250 ml water (baseline) and 30 min later glucose was infused iv.

The Association between Intradialytic Hypertension and Metabolic Disorders in End Stage Renal Disease.

Background: Intradialytic hypertension was associated with a high mortality risk. We examined the relationship between intradialytic hypertension and metabolic disorders in hemodialysis treatment patients.

Methods: We studied 76 patients in online hemodiafiltration.

The Relationship of Residual Renal Function with Cardiovascular Morbidity in Hemodialysis Patients and the Potential Role of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1.

Background: Residual renal function (RRF) provides several benefits to patients on dialysis. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) plays an important role in atherosclerotic lesions. We considered the relationship between RRF and cardiovascular morbidity and the significant role of MCP-1 serum concentrations in hemodiafiltration (HDF) patients.

Association between Low Serum Bicarbonate Concentrations and Cardiovascular Disease in Patients in the End-Stage of Renal Disease.

Background: Metabolic acidosis, a common condition particularly in the end-stage of renal disease patients, results in malnutrition, inflammation and oxidative stress. In this study, we focused on the association between low serum bicarbonate and cardiovascular disease in patients on intermittent dialysis.

Methods: We studied 52 on-line-pre-dilution hemodiafiltration (on-l HDF) patients, 32 males and 20 females, with a mean age of 58.

The relationship between concentrations of magnesium and oxidized low-density lipoprotein and Beta2-microglobulin in the serum of patients on the end-stage of renal disease.

The end-stage of renal disease is associated with increased oxidative stress and oxidative modification of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs). Beta2 microglobulin (beta2M) is accumulated in the serum of dialysis patients. Magnesium (Mg) plays a protective role in the development of oxidative stress in healthy subjects.

The relationship between glycemic control, beta2-microglobulin and inflammation in patients on maintenance dialysis treatment.

Background: Hyperglycemia appears to play a significant role on the inflammatory cytokines production. Beta2-microglobulin (beta2M) is accumulated in the circulation of dialysis patients. We studied the relationship between glycemic control defined by glucose serum concentrations and insulin resistance, beta2M and markers of inflammation in patients on renal replacement therapies with or/and without diabetes mellitus.

Glucose Serum Concentrations and Cardiovascular Disease in Patients on the End Stage of Renal Disease without Diabetes Mellitus.

: It is still controversial whether tighter glycemic control is associated with better clinical outcomes in patients with kidney failure. We examined the association between glucose serum concentrations and cardiovascular disease in patients on the end stage of renal disease without diabetes mellitus. : We studied 76 patients on on-line hemodiafiltration.

Arterial stiffness is inversely related to plasma adiponectin levels in young normotensive patients with type 1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between arterial stiffness and plasma adiponectin in patients with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were normotensive patients with type 1 diabetes who were up to age 40 years. Subjects on statins with macrovascular disease or overt nephropathy were excluded.

The association between the spatial QRS-T angle with cardiac autonomic neuropathy in subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aims: To examine differences in the spatial QRS-T angle in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without cardiac autonomic neuropathy.

Methods: Two hundred and thirty-two patients with diabetes mellitus (105 with cardiac autonomic neuropathy and 127 without cardiac autonomic neuropathy) and 232 control subjects, matched by gender and age, were studied. Diagnosis of cardiac autonomic neuropathy was based on the classic autonomic function tests.

β2-Microglobulin, pulse pressure and metabolic alterations in hemodialysis patients.

Background/aim: Pulse pressure (PP) is a result of arterial stiffness seen in dialysis patients, but may be a consequence of fluid overload. We examined the role of β(2)-microglobulin (β(2)M) in PP in relation to metabolic alterations in patients on different hemodialysis (HD) modalities.

Methods: We studied 76 hemodialyzed patients on regular HD (n = 34), predilution bagged hemodiafiltration (n = 19) and online predilution hemodiafiltration (n = 23).

Meal-induced thermogenesis and macronutrient oxidation in lean and obese women after consumption of carbohydrate-rich and fat-rich meals.

Objective: To examine differences in meal-induced thermogenesis and macronutrient oxidation between lean and obese women after consumption of two different isocaloric meals, one rich in carbohydrate (CHO) and one rich in fat.

Methods: A total of 19 lean and 22 obese women were studied on two occasions, 1 wk apart. In one visit they consumed a CHO-rich meal and in the other visit a fat-rich meal.

Acute hyperhomocysteinaemia blunts endothelial dependent and endothelial independent vasodilatation in diabetic patients.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acute, methionine-induced hyperhomocysteinaemia on endothelial function of skin microcirculation in diabetic compared with non-diabetic persons. Endothelial- and non-endothelial-dependent vasodilatation of the skin microcirculation were evaluated in 20 persons with type 2 diabetes (59.95+/-2.

The impact of metabolic syndrome on left ventricular myocardial performance.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is common and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Recent prospective studies suggested that MetS is associated with increased risk of heart failure. In the present cross-sectional study, we examined the association between left ventricular myocardial performance with MetS.

Circulating antibodies to endogenous erythropoietin and risk for HIV-1-related anemia.

Objectives: In a previous retrospective study we have shown that circulating antibodies to endogenous erythropoietin (anti-EPO) are associated with HIV-1-related anemia. The present longitudinal cohort study was conducted to examine the effect of anti-EPO on the risk of developing anemia over time.

Methods: The study population consisted of 113 HIV-1 seropositive patients, who were screened for the presence of anti-EPO, with a mean+/-SD follow up of 105+/-40 months, for a total of 2190 visits.

Eating slowly increases the postprandial response of the anorexigenic gut hormones, peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1.

Context: The rate at which people eat has been suggested to be positively associated with obesity, although appetite and related gut hormones have not been measured. The objective of the study was to determine whether eating the same meal at varying speeds elicits different postprandial gut peptide responses.

Design And Setting: This was a crossover study at a clinical research facility.

Increased left ventricular arrhythmogenicity in metabolic syndrome and relationship with myocardial performance, risk factors for atherosclerosis, and low-grade inflammation.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of cardiovascular risk factors recently associated with left ventricular dysfunction. Limited data exist on the association between MetS and ventricular arrhythmogenicity. This study examined differences in ventricular arrhythmogenicity assessed by classic (QT interval) and newer (spatial QRS-T angle [spQRS-Ta]) electrocardiographic markers in subjects with and without MetS.

Differential effects of two isoenergetic meals rich in saturated or monounsaturated fat on endothelial function in subjects with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To examine the acute effects of consumption of monounsaturated (MUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SAFAs) on endothelial function in subjects with type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: A total of 33 participants were examined after consumption of two different isocaloric meals: one rich in MUFA and one rich in SAFA, in the form of extra-virgin olive oil and butter, respectively. Endothelial function was assessed by determination of flow-mediated dilatation (FMD).

Possible implications of leptin, adiponectin and ghrelin in the regulation of energy homeostasis by thyroid hormone.

Thyroid hormone plays a critical role in energy homeostasis through mechanisms, which are not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated possible alterations of important energy regulators such as leptin, adiponectin, and ghrelin in relation to changes in thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormone (250 microg/kg) was administered in male Wistar rats for 2 weeks (THYR), while hypothyroidism (HYPO) was induced by propylthiouracil administration (0.

Rapid development of an axillary mass in an adult: a case of cystic hygroma.

Cystic hygroma is a congenital anomaly of lymphatic origin, which mainly develops during childhood. Its development in adulthood, however, has been proposed to be related to several predisposing factors such as trauma, infection, tumor growth or iatrogenic stimuli. The development of cystic hygroma in the extremities of adults is extremely rare and moreover, its development in the axillary region has, to our knowledge, been reported only once in the literature.