Novel cellular functions of Cys-His zinc finger proteins in anthracnose development and dissemination on pepper fruits by .

species are notorious for causing anthracnose on many fruits, leading to significant economic losses worldwide. As a model, we functionally characterized cys2-his2 (CH) zinc finger proteins (CsCZFs) in , a major causal agent of pepper fruit anthracnose in many countries. In all, 62 CsCZFs were identified by genomic analysis.

Complete genome assembly of strain HL1, isolated from an infant fecal sample.

We present the complete genome sequence of strain HL1, isolated from infant feces. gains significant attention for its therapeutic potential. The genome of HL1 consists of a 2.

First Report of Root Rot on Hydroponically Grown Romaine Lettuce Caused by Pythium dissotocum in Korea.

The romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is one of the most frequently consumed vegetables in Korea. In January 2023, the romaine lettuce cultured within an indoor hydroponic farm in South Korea displayed severe disease, with an incidence of approximately 13.

The Cell Wall Integrity MAP Kinase Signaling Pathway Is Required for Development, Pathogenicity, and Stress Adaption of the Pepper Anthracnose Fungus .

The cell wall integrity (CWI) signaling pathway plays important roles in the dissemination and infection of several plant pathogenic fungi. However, its roles in the pepper fruit anthracnose fungus remain uninvestigated. In this study, the major components of the CWI signaling pathway-CsMCK1 (MAPKKK), CsMKK1 (MAPKK), and CsMPS1 (MAPK)-were functionally characterized in homology-dependent gene replacement.

A Retro-Aldol Reaction Prompted the Evolvability of a Phosphotransferase System for the Utilization of a Rare Sugar.

The evolution of the bacterial phosphotransferase system (PTS) linked to glycolysis is dependent on the availability of naturally occurring sugars. Although bacteria exhibit sugar specificities based on carbon catabolite repression, the acquisition and evolvability of the cellular sugar preference under conditions that are suboptimal for growth (e.g.

The Autophagy Protein CsATG8 is Involved in Asexual Development and Virulence in the Pepper Anthracnose Fungus .

Autophagy serves as a survival mechanism and plays important role in nutrient recycling under conditions of starvation, nutrient storage, ad differentiation of plant pathogenic fungi. However, autophagy-related genes have not been investigated in , a causal agent of pepper fruit anthracnose disease. is involved in autophagosome formation and is considered a marker of autophagy.

The CsSTE50 Adaptor Protein in Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades Is Essential for Pepper Anthracnose Disease of Colletotrichum scovillei.

Anthracnose, caused by the ascomycete fungus Colletotrichum scovillei, is a destructive disease in pepper. The fungus germinates and develops an infection structure called an appressorium on the plant surface. Several signaling cascades, including cAMP-mediated signaling and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, are involved in fungal development and pathogenicity in plant pathogenic fungi, but this has not been well studied in the fruit-infecting fungus C.

Role of the cAMP signaling pathway in the dissemination and development on pepper fruit anthracnose disease caused by .

The ascomycete fungus causes severe anthracnose disease on the fruit of sweet pepper and chili pepper ( L.) worldwide. Understanding the biology of would improve the management of fruit anthracnose diseases.

Diet-Induced Host-Microbe Interactions: Personalized Diet Strategies for Improving Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic inflammatory disease. Environmental sanitization, modern lifestyles, advanced medicines, ethnic origins, host genetics and immune systems, mucosal barrier function, and the gut microbiota have been delineated to explain how they cause mucosal inflammation. However, the pathogenesis of IBD and its therapeutic targets remain elusive.

NADPH Oxidases Are Required for Appressorium-Mediated Penetration in Colletotrichum scovillei-Pepper Fruit Pathosystem.

NADPH oxidase (Nox) complexes are known to play essential roles in differentiation and proliferation of many filamentous fungi. However, the functions of Noxs have not been elucidated in Colletotrichum species. Therefore, we set out to characterize the roles of Nox enzymes and their regulators in Colletotrichum scovillei, which causes serious anthracnose disease on pepper fruits in temperate and subtropical and temperate region.

CsPOM1, a DYRK Family Kinase, Plays Diverse Roles in Fungal Development, Virulence, and Stress Tolerance in the Anthracnose Pathogen .

is the major anthracnose fungus of sweet pepper and chili pepper ( L.), causing significant losses in the yield and quality of the pepper fruits. Molecular mechanisms governing development and pathogenicity have been widely studied in many foliar fungal pathogens, but the information on fruit diseases is still limited.

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase CsPMK1 Is Essential for Pepper Fruit Anthracnose by .

The phytopathogenic fungus , belonging to the species complex, causes severe anthracnose disease on several fruits, including chili pepper (). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and pathogenicity of are unclear. The conserved Fus3/Kss1-related MAPK regulates fungal development and pathogenicity.

Basic Studies Aiming at (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) Mass-Rearing.

This study presented biological and economic data for the mass-rearing of in Korea. Simplifying the mass-rearing process through an alternative diet and an artificial oviposition substrate is a prerequisite for enhancing the usability of this insect as a biological control agent. We compare the hatch rate of eggs deposited on a plant substrate with that of eggs deposited on two artificial substrates, cork sheets and rubber.

The Small GTPase CsRAC1 Is Important for Fungal Development and Pepper Anthracnose in Colletotrichum scovillei.

The pepper anthracnose fungus, Colletotrichum scovillei, causes severe losses of pepper fruit production in the tropical and temperate zones. RAC1 is a highly conserved small GTP-binding protein in the Rho GTPase family. This protein has been demonstrated to play a role in fungal development, and pathogenicity in several plant pathogenic fungi.

Pex7 selectively imports PTS2 target proteins to peroxisomes and is required for anthracnose disease development in Colletotrichum scovillei.

Pex7 is a shuttling receptor that imports matrix proteins with a type 2 peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS2) to peroxisomes. The Pex7-mediated PTS2 protein import contributes to crucial metabolic processes such as the fatty acid β-oxidation and glucose metabolism in a number of fungi, but cellular roles of Pex7 between the import of PTS2 target proteins and metabolic processes have not been fully understood. In this study, we investigated the functional roles of CsPex7, a homolog of the yeast Pex7, by targeted gene deletion in the pepper anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum scovillei.

Nutrient-specific proteomic analysis of the mucin degrading bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila.

Akkermansia muciniphila is a prominent mucin-degrading bacterium that acts as a keystone species in regulating the human gut microbiota. Despite recently increasing research into this bacterium and its relevance to human health, a high-resolution database of its functional proteins remains scarce. Here, we provide a proteomic overview of A.

Antagonistic and Plant Growth-Promoting Effects of Bacillus velezensis BS1 Isolated from Rhizosphere Soil in a Pepper Field.

Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important agricultural crop worldwide. Recently, Colletotrichum scovillei, a member of the C.

The Membrane-Bound Protein, MoAfo1, Is Involved in Sensing Diverse Signals from Different Surfaces in the Rice Blast Fungus.

To establish an infection, fungal pathogens must recognize diverse signals from host surfaces. The rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the best models studying host-pathogen interactions. This fungus recognizes physical or chemical signals from the host surfaces and initiates the development of an infection structure called appressorium.

A PAS-Containing Histidine Kinase is Required for Conidiation, Appressorium Formation, and Disease Development in the Rice Blast Fungus, .

Rice blast disease, caused by the ascomycete fungus , is one of the most important diseases in rice production. PAS (period circadian protein, aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator protein, single-minded protein) domains are known to be involved in signal transduction pathways, but their functional roles have not been well studied in fungi. In this study, targeted gene deletion was carried out to investigate the functional roles of the PAS-containing gene (MGG_02665) in .

Optimization of Polyethylene Glycol-Mediated Transformation of the Pepper Anthracnose Pathogen to Develop an Applied Genomics Approach.

is a species complex responsible for anthracnose disease in a wide range of host plants. Strain KC05, which was previously isolated from an infected pepper in Gangwon Province of South Korea, was reidentified as using combined sequence analyses of multiple genes. As a prerequisite for understanding the pathogenic development of the pepper anthracnose pathogen, we optimized the transformation system of KC05.

Encoding a Ran-Binding Protein Microtubule-Organizing Center Is Required for Asexual Reproduction and Infection in the Rice Blast Pathogen .

Like many fungal pathogens, the conidium and appressorium play key roles during polycyclic dissemination and infection of . Ran-binding protein microtubule-organizing center (RanBPM) is a highly conserved nucleocytoplasmic protein. In animalia, RanBPM has been implicated in apoptosis, cell morphology, and transcription.

Complete genome sequence data of strain GSE09, a volatile-producing biocontrol bacterium isolated from cucumber () root.

(previously identified as ) strain GSE09 is a volatile-producing bacterium that exhibits significant biocontrol activity against an oomycete pathogen, , on pepper plants. Here, we report the complete genome sequence data of strain GSE09, isolated from surface-sterilized cucumber root. The genome consists of a circular 5,109,718-bp chromosome with a G + C content of 34.

A New Record and Characterization of Asparagus Purple Spot Caused by in Korea.

In 2017, small, elliptical, brownish purple spots on spears and ferns of asparagus were found in fields of Gangwon-do. The isolated fungal species was identified as an ascomycete based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenic analyses including nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and cytochrome b (cytb). A pathogenicity test revealed that was the causal agent of purple spot disease on asparagus.