Reduced UPF1 levels in senescence impair nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.

Cells regulate gene expression through various RNA regulatory mechanisms, and this regulation often becomes less efficient with age, contributing to accelerated aging and various age-related diseases. Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), a well-characterized RNA surveillance mechanism, degrades aberrant mRNAs with premature termination codons (PTCs) to prevent the synthesis of truncated proteins. While the role of NMD in cancer and developmental and genetic diseases is well documented, its implications in human aging remain largely unexplored.

Low-Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma: A Case Report of a Rare Uterine Malignancy Mimicking Degenerative Uterine Leiomyoma in a Nulliparous Woman.

Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LGESS) is a rare uterine malignancy that causes non-specific symptoms which presents more typically in younger women compared to other uterine sarcomas. Preoperative diagnosis of myometrial LGESS is challenging, as it is frequently mistaken for a benign uterine mass, such as a degenerating leiomyoma. Despite its rarity, the imaging findings of LGESS are highly variable, complicating the diagnostic process.

Impact of UPF2 on the levels of CD81 on extracellular vesicles.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in cell-to-cell communication. Following uptake, EV cargo molecules, including DNA, RNA, lipids, and proteins, influence gene expression and molecular signaling in recipient cells. Although various studies have identified disease-specific EV molecules, further research into their biogenesis and secretion mechanisms is needed for clinical application.

IL-13Rα2 Is Involved in Resistance to Doxorubicin and Survival of Osteosarcoma Patients.

Background/objectives: Interleukin 13 receptor alpha 2 (IL-13Rα2) is a receptor with a high affinity for IL-13 and is involved in the progression of human cancers. However, studies on the role of IL-13Rα2 in osteosarcoma are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the expression and roles of IL-13Rα2 in the progression of osteosarcoma.

Incidence and pattern of second primary cancer in patients diagnosed with primary cancer.

The long survival of patients with primary cancer increases the chance of such patients developing second primary cancer (SPC). The development of SPC in cancer survivors exerts a large psychological, social and economic burden on patients and their families. The aim of the present study was to assess the risk of cancer survivors developing SPC.

Impact of antiresorptive agents on mortality risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: insights from a nationwide cohort study.

Importance: Osteoporosis-related fractures are associated with increased mortality risk among postmenopausal women, yet the impact of antiosteoporotic medications on mortality is not fully understood.

Objective: This study evaluates the effect of antiresorptive agents (ARs) on mortality risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Design: This is a nationwide cohort study using data from the National Screening Program for Transitional Ages (2008-2017).

PAK4 Is Involved in the Stabilization of PD-L1 and the Resistance to Doxorubicin in Osteosarcoma and Predicts the Survival of Diagnosed Patients.

PAK4 and PD-L1 have been suggested as novel therapeutic targets in human cancers. Moreover, PAK4 has been suggested to be a molecule closely related to the immune evasion of cancers. Therefore, this study evaluated the roles of PAK4 and PD-L1 in the progression of osteosarcomas in 32 osteosarcomas and osteosarcoma cells.

Colorectal cancer with a germline BRCA1 variant inherited paternally: a case report.

BRCA genes have well-known associations with breast and ovarian cancers. However, variations in the BRCA gene, especially germline variations, have also been reported in colorectal cancer (CRC). We present the case of a rectal cancer with a germline BRCA1 variation inherited from the paternal side.

Attenuated adenomatous polyposis with MSH6 variation: Two case reports.

Rationale: Adenomatous polyposis (AP) is a genetic disorder characterized by the occurrence of numerous adenomatous polyps in the colon and rectum and can be classified into classical AP and attenuated AP (AAP). AAP is diagnosed when the number of observed adenomas is between 10 and 99. The detection of AAP is significantly increasing mainly due to the improvement of the imaging technique and application of the screening program for colorectal cancer detection.

Anti-Melanogenic Effects of Extract via p38 Signaling-Mediated Proteasomal Degradation of Tyrosinase.

fructus is widely used in traditional Oriental medicine for treating female genital disorders, male impotence, frigidity, and skin-related conditions in East Asia. However, the role of fructus extract (CMFE) in melanin synthesis is not well elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the anti-melanogenesis effect and mechanism of action of CMFE in α-MSH-stimulated B16F10 cells.

Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals subtype-specific clonal evolution and microenvironmental changes in liver metastasis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and their clinical implications.

Background: Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) and tumor microenvironment (TME) of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) play important roles in tumor evolution and patient outcomes. However, the precise characterization of diverse cell populations and their crosstalk associated with PDAC progression and metastasis is still challenging.

Methods: We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of treatment-naïve primary PDAC samples with and without paired liver metastasis samples to understand the interplay between ITH and TME in the PDAC evolution and its clinical associations.

Deep-learning model for evaluating histopathology of acute renal tubular injury.

Tubular injury is the most common cause of acute kidney injury. Histopathological diagnosis may help distinguish between the different types of acute kidney injury and aid in treatment. To date, a limited number of study has used deep-learning models to assist in the histopathological diagnosis of acute kidney injury.

Network Structure and Clustering Analysis Relating to Individual Symptoms of Problematic Internet Use in a Community Adolescent Population.

Introduction: Problematic internet use (PIU) is a psychopathology that includes multiple symptoms and psychological constructs. Because no studies have considered both network structures and clusters among individual symptoms in the context of PIU in a Korean adolescent population, this study aimed to investigate network structures and clustering in relation to PIU symptoms in adolescents.

Methods: Overall, 73,238 adolescents were included.

Biportal endoscopic transforaminal thoracic interbody fusion for the treatment of thoracic myelopathy.

Background: Biportal endoscopic spine surgery independently controls two hands, similar to microscopic surgery, and utilizes a broader working space that is not disturbed by retractors under clear-magnified endoscopic vision. These advantages facilitate successful neural decompression and safe transforaminal interbody fusion, even in patients with thoracic spondylotic myelopathy.

Methods: A wide laminectomy and precise total facetectomy, in conjunction with partial pediculotomy, establish a secure transforaminal space for cage insertion.

Establishment of a patient-specific avatar organoid model derived from EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy for timely clinical application in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (with video).

Background And Aims: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has the worst survival rate among tumors. At the time of diagnosis, more than 80% of PDACs are considered to be surgically unresectable, and there is an unmet need for treatment options in these inoperable PDACs. This study aimed to establish a patient-derived organoid (PDO) platform from EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) collected at diagnosis and to determine its clinical applicability for the timely treatment of unresectable PDAC.

Symptom clusters in adolescent depression and differential responses of clusters to pharmacologic treatment.

Objective: Symptoms of depression in adolescents are widely variable, but they are often interactive and clustered. The analysis of interactions and clusters among individual symptoms may help predict treatment outcomes. We aimed to determine clusters of individual symptoms in adolescent depression and their changes in the response to pharmacological treatment.

Utilization of nicking properties of CRISPR-Cas12a effector for genome editing.

The CRISPR-Cas nickase system for genome editing has attracted considerable attention owing to its safety, efficiency, and versatility. Although alternative effectors to Cas9 have the potential to expand the scope of genome editing, their application has not been optimized. Herein, we used an enhanced CRISPR-Cas12a nickase system to induce mutations by targeting genes in a human-derived cell line.

Spontaneous splenic rupture associated with scrub typhus: a case report.

Background: Scrub typhus, an acute febrile disease with mild to severe, life-threatening manifestations, potentially presents with a variety of complications, including pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, cardiac arrhythmias (such as atrial fibrillation), myocarditis, shock, peptic ulcer, gastrointestinal bleeding, meningitis, encephalitis, and renal failure. Of the various complications associated with scrub typhus, splenic rupture has rarely been reported, and its mechanisms are unknown. This study reports a case of scrub typhus-related spontaneous splenic rupture and identifies possible mechanisms through the gross and histopathologic findings.

Lymphangiogenesis after nonvascularized lymph node transplantation: Lymphangiographic findings in mice and minipigs.

The establishment of new connections after NVLNT (non-vascularized lymph node transplantation) is still poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate lymphatic connections after NVLNT using lymphangiography. In a mice model, 40 mice were allocated to undergo NVLNT or sham surgery.

The Factors Affecting Longitudinal Course of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Sexual Assault Victims.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the factors affecting posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom remission prospectively through a 1-year follow-up of sexual assault (SA) victims.

Methods: A total 65 female SA victims who visited the crisis intervention center were included. Self-administered questionnaires regarding PTSD symptoms and PTSD related prognostic factors were conducted at both recruitment (T1) and 1 year after recruitment (T2).

Theta and Gamma Activity Differences in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Panic Disorder: Insights from Resting-State EEG with eLORETA.

: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and panic disorder (PD) are debilitating psychiatric conditions, yet their underlying neurobiological differences remain underexplored. This study aimed to directly compare resting-state EEGs in patients with OCD and PD, without a healthy control group, using the eLORETA method. : We collected retrospective EEG data from 24 OCD patients and 22 PD patients who were hospitalized due to significant impairment in daily life functions.

Associations Between Physical Activity and the Risk of Hip Fracture Depending on Glycemic Status: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Context: Although physical activity (PA) is recognized to reduce fracture risk, whether its benefits differ according to glycemic status remains unknown.

Objective: We investigated the effect of PA on incident hip fracture (HF) according to glycemic status.

Methods: We studied 3 723 097 patients older than 50 without type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) or past fractures.

Effect of group sand play therapy on psychopathologies of adolescents with delinquent behaviors.

Prior research has established adolescent vulnerability to delinquent behavior. This single-arm, noninterventional, observational study investigated the effect of sand play therapy on the psychopathologies of adolescents with delinquent behavior. A total of 68 adolescents participated in the study.