Adverse events associated with botulinum toxin injection: a multidepartment, retrospective study of 5310 treatments administered to 1819 patients.

Background: The injection of botulinum toxin is now commonly used for many therapeutic and cosmetic purposes but because of its increased use more adverse events are being reported.

Objective: To retrospectively evaluate and analyze the safety of botulinum toxin injections in terms of purpose and the type of toxin administered.

Materials And Methods: Data were collected on 1819 patients who underwent a total of 5310 treatments between 2005 and 2011 at a single tertiary medical center.

Adipose-derived stem cells and their secretory factors as a promising therapy for skin aging.

Background: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and their secretory factors can stimulate collagen synthesis and migration of fibroblasts during the wound healing process. Conventional treatments for skin aging, such as lasers and topical regimens, induce new collagen synthesis via activation of dermal fibroblasts or growth factors. Considering the results of our previous study, ADSCs can also be used for the treatment of skin aging.