Erythema Nodosum Secondary to CD5-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma as a Paraneoplastic Symptom: A Case Report.

Introduction: Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common form of panniculitis. EN can be idiopathic or secondary to an underlying systemic disease, infection, drug use, or tumor. CD5-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (CD5+ DLBCL) is a relapsed and refractory lymphoma, and further understanding of its pathology is required.

Hepatic vein anatomy related to Laennec's capsule for liver resection.

Background: Laennec's capsule is the proper membrane covering the entire surface of the liver parenchyma, including around the Glissonean pedicles and hepatic veins. Laennec's capsule around the hepatic veins has been clinically reported to comprise two layers: the hepatic and cardiac Laennec's capsules. However, where the cardiac Laennec's capsule is derived from and the two capsules' separability are still unclear.

Utility of a 21-gauge Menghini-type biopsy needle with the rolling method for an endoscopic ultrasound-guided histological diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis: a retrospective study.

Background: The histological diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) by an endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided approach is still challenging.

Methods: We investigated the utility of the 21-gauge Menghini-type biopsy needle with the rolling method for the histological diagnosis of AIP, in comparison with conventional 22-gauge needles. Among total 28 patients, rate of definitive histological diagnosis, acquired sample area of tissue, rate of histopathological diagnosis of AIP, and adverse events were retrospectively analyzed.

Tumor-Associated Macrophages in the Development of 4-Nitroquinoline-1-Oxide-Induced Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Mouse Model.

Objective: We aimed to determine the distribution of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the development of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and to elucidate the role of TAMs in the progression of tongue SCC.

Methods: The expression of the macrophage markers nitric oxide synthase, Retnla, and mannose receptor 1 in the development of tongue SCC was longitudinally observed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, an immunohistochemical study using an anti-mannose receptor (MR) antibody was performed.

Regulatory T cells function at the early stage of tumor progression in a mouse model of tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

The objective of this study was to observe the distribution of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the development of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and to determine the role of Tregs in the progression of tongue SCC. A mouse model of 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO)-induced-tongue SCC was established. The expression of Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3), interleukin 10, transforming growth factor-β, chemokine CC motif ligands 17, 20, and CC chemokine receptor 4 was determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Anti-high mobility group box 1 monoclonal antibody improves ischemia/reperfusion injury and mode of liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy.

Background: The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of anti-high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) monoclonal antibody (mAb) on ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) and the mode of liver regeneration.

Methods: Rats underwent 70% hepatectomy with IRI caused by clamping the hepatoduodenal ligament for 20 minutes, followed by the administration of anti-HMGB1 mAb immediately before declamping the hepatoduodenal ligament. Five animals were used for each time point.

A subset of ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphomas may arise in association with IgG4-related disease.

We previously suggested a relationship between ocular immunoglobulin (Ig)G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) and marginal zone lymphomas (MZLs). However, the cytokine background associated with these disorders and whether it differs between ocular adnexal MZLs with (IgG4-associated MZL) and without (IgG4-negative MZL) numerous IgG4(+) plasma cells are unknown. In this study, we identified the mRNA expression pattern of Th2 and regulatory T-cell (Treg) cytokines in IgG4-RD and in IgG4-associated MZL and IgG4-negative MZL using real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis.

Interleukin 13-positive mast cells are increased in immunoglobulin G4-related sialadenitis.

Interleukin (IL)-13 is a T helper 2 (Th2) cytokine that plays important roles in the pathogenesis of asthma. IL-13 induces hypersensitivity of the airways, increased mucous production, elevated serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels, and increased numbers of eosinophils. Many patients with IgG4-related disease have allergic backgrounds and show elevated serum IgE levels and an increase in the number of eosinophils.

Regulatory T-cell infiltration in tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Conclusion: In tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), high levels of regulatory T-cell (Treg) infiltration in tumor nests are observed in the cases with poor prognosis.

Objectives: The role of Tregs in head and neck cancers remains unclear. The aim of this study was to observe the distribution of Tregs in different stages of tongue SCC and estimate the effects on prognosis.

Epstein-Barr virus-infected cells in IgG4-related lymphadenopathy with comparison with extranodal IgG4-related disease.

IgG4-related lymphadenopathy with increased numbers of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected cells has been reported but not fully described. We analyzed 31 cases of IgG4-related lymphadenopathy and 24 cases of extranodal IgG4-related diseases for their possible relationship with EBV. Other types of reactive lymph nodes (22) and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) (10) were also studied for comparison.

T helper 2 and regulatory T-cell cytokine production by mast cells: a key factor in the pathogenesis of IgG4-related disease.

IgG4-related disease is a systemic disorder with unique clinicopathological features and uncertain etiological features and is frequently related to allergic disease. T helper 2 and regulatory T-cell cytokines have been reported to be upregulated in the affected tissues; thus, the production of these cytokines by T helper 2 and regulatory T cells has been suggested as an important factor in the pathogenesis of IgG4-related disease. However, it is not yet clear which cells produce these cytokines in IgG4-related disease, and some aspects of the disorder cannot be completely explained by T-cell-related processes.

IgG4-related disease involving the sclera.

A 49-year-old female patient previously treated for scleritis and uveitis-induced cataract in the right eye presented with a subretinal white lesion in the same eye. With a preliminary diagnosis of choroidal tumor, enucleation of the eyeball was performed in accordance with the patient's request. Histologic and immunohistologic examinations were consistent with immunoglobulin G4-related disease.

Cutting needle biopsy combined with immunohistochemical study of myeloperoxidase for the diagnosis of histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis.

Conclusion: Cutting needle biopsy (CNB) combined with immunohistochemical study of myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a useful minimally invasive diagnostic procedure for histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (HNL).

Objectives: HNL is mainly diagnosed by pathological findings of open surgical biopsy (OSB) specimens. Recently the appearance of anti-MPO positive histiocytes has been reported as a highly specific pathological diagnosis for HNL.

Atypical hyaline vascular-type castleman's disease with thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, and systemic lymphadenopathy.

Recently, atypical Castleman's disease (CD) was reported in Japan. This disease is considered as TAFRO syndrome or non-idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy (IPL), a constellation of clinical symptoms, namely, thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, and organomegaly without hyper-γ-globulinemia. Histopathologically, this disease is similar to hyaline vascular (HV)-type CD.

B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma without mediastinal disease: mimicking nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin lymphoma.

B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (BCLu-DLBCL/CHL), also known as gray-zone lymphoma, has overlapping clinical and biological characteristics of both diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL). These lymphomas are typically associated with mediastinal disease, and extranodal involvement is rare. In the present report, we describe a case of a 78-year-old woman with BCLu-DLBCL/CHL found to have extranodal lesions and no evidence of mediastinal disease.

Clinicopathologic analysis of IgG4-related skin disease.

IgG4-related disease is a recently recognized systemic syndrome characterized by mass-forming lesions with lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, increase in the number of IgG4(+) cells in affected tissues and elevation of serum IgG4 levels. In 2009, we were the first to report skin lesions in patients with IgG4-related disease, but no large case series has been reported and clinicopathological findings remain unclear. To clarify these features, we herein report 10 patients (9 men and 1 woman; median age, 64 years; age range, 46-81 years) with IgG4-related skin disease.

Cutaneous multicentric Castleman's disease mimicking IgG4-related disease.

Castleman's disease, an uncommon lymphoproliferative disorder, can be difficult to differentiate from immunoglobulin (Ig) G4-related disease. The latter is typically characterized by elevated serum IgG4 levels and abundant IgG4-positive cells. However, multicentric Castleman's disease can also have elevated serum IgG4 levels and even fulfill the histological diagnostic criteria for IgG4-related disease.

Ocular adnexal IgG4-producing mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma mimicking IgG4-related disease.

IgG4-related disease is a recently proposed clinical entity with several unique clinicopathological features. A chronic inflammatory state with marked fibrosis, which can often be mistaken for malignancy, especially by clinical imaging analyses, unifies these features. In the present report, we describe a case of IgG4-producing mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma mimicking IgG4-related disease.