Quercetin Induces Mitochondrial Apoptosis and Downregulates Ganglioside GD3 Expression in Melanoma Cells.

Malignant melanoma represents a form of skin cancer characterized by a bleak prognosis and heightened resistance to traditional therapies. Quercetin has demonstrated notable anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and pharmacological effects across various cancer types. However, the intricate relationship between quercetin's anti-cancer properties and ganglioside expression in melanoma remains incompletely understood.

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone induces mitochondrial apoptosis and down-regulates the expression of ganglioside GD3 in malignant melanoma cells.

Malignant melanoma is a skin cancer with poor prognosis and high resistance to conventional treatment. 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) has shown anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and pharmacological effects in several types of cancer. However, the relationship between ganglioside expression and the anti-cancer effects of 7,8-DHF in melanoma is not fully understood.

An anti-clogging method for improving the performance and lifespan of blood plasma separation devices in real-time and continuous microfluidic systems.

On-chip blood plasma separators using microfluidic channels are typically developed as disposable devices for short-term use only because blood cells tend to clog the microchannels, limiting their application in real-time and continuous systems. In this study, we propose an anti-clogging method. We applied dielectrophoresis to prevent microchannel clogging in a plasma separator that can be used over long periods for real-time and continuous monitoring.

Particle size spectrometer using inertial classification and electrical measurement techniques for real-time monitoring of particle size distribution.

To achieve real-time monitoring of aerodynamic submicron particle size distributions at a point-of-interest, we developed a high-performance particle size spectrometer that is compact, low-cost, and portable. The present system consists of four key components: a unipolar mini-discharger for electrically charging particles, an inertial size-separator for classifying charged particles into five size fractions in terms of their aerodynamic sizes, a portable multi-channel electrometer for detecting femto-ampere currents carried by charged particles at each stage, and a retrieval algorithm for converting the current data into a smooth particle size distribution. The unipolar mini-discharger and inertial size separator were quantitatively characterised by using standard polystyrene latex (PSL) particles.

Synthesis and cellular uptake properties of guanidine-containing molecular transporters built on the sucrose scaffold.

Novel sucrose-based G7 molecular transporters show different patterns of intracellular localization depending on the nature of the linker chains as well as the fluorescent dyes.

A convenient route to diverse heterocycles through an addition of beta-amino carbonyl compounds to 3-halogeno-4-methoxybenzynes.

[reaction: see text] 3-Halogeno-4-methoxybenzynes 5 generated from 5-(3-halogeno-4-methoxyphenyl)thianthrenium perchlorates 1 and LDA in THF at reflux reacted with various beta-amino carbonyl compounds and 2-aminophenyl benzenesulfonate etc. to give diverse heterocyclic compounds.

Synthesis, conformation, and complexation of novel 25,26,27,28- tetrahydroxy-5,11:17,23-bis[[2,2'-thioxydi(o-phenylene)dithioxy]- diphenylthio]calix[4]arene.

Calix[4]arenes 1a,b having an electron-donating group, i.e., OH and OMe, at the lower rim reacted with thianthrene cation radical perchlorate in CH3CN at room temperature to give the corresponding thianthrenium perchlorates 3a,b in excellent yields.

Potassium hydroxide-mediated novel rearrangement of 2-alkyl-sulfonyl-2-arylsulfonyl-1-phenylethanones to 1-aryl-2-(arylsulfonylmethanesulfonyl)ethanones.

Treatment of a solution of a mixture of 1-aryl-2-arylsulfonylethanones 9 and alkylsulfonyl chlorides (1.5-2.0 equiv) in THF at 0 degree C with potassium hydroxide (8 equiv) for 10 min gave a rearrangement product, i.

Facile synthesis of 4-alkyl (and aryl)-2-aryl-6-diazo-4h- thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-5,7-diones.

Treatment of 3-[3-alkyl (and aryl)amino-5-arylthieno-2-yl]-2-diazo-3-oxopropanoates 8 with TMSOTf (3 equiv) in the presence of Et(3)N (6 equiv) in CH(2)Cl(2) for 1 h at room temperature afforded 4-alkyl (and aryl)-2-aryl-6-diazo-4H-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-5,7-diones 14 in excellent yields. On heating of 14 in the presence of a catalytic amount of Rh(2)(CF(3)CF(2)CF(2)CO(2))(4) in PhH for 4-10 h at reflux, corresponding ring contraction products, 4-alkyl (and aryl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-thieno[3,2-b]pyrrol-5-ones 16, were produced in good to excellent yields.

Novel synthesis and reactions of 5,7-dialkyl-4,6-dioxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro- isothiazolo[3,4,-d]pyrimidine-3-carbonitriles and 6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-1-aza-5-oxa-2- thiaindene-3-carbonitrile.

[reaction: see text] 5,7-Dialkyl-4,6-dioxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisothiazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-3-carbonitriles 4, prepared from 6-amino-1,3-dialkyluracils 3 and 4,5-dichloro-5H-1,2,3-dithiazolium chloride (Appel's salt) 1, are utilized for the preparation of new derivatives of 4 bearing amino, alkylthio, amido, thioamido, tetrazolyl, and carboximidic acid ethyl ester groups at position 3. Similarly, the reactions of 6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-1-aza-5-oxa-2-thiaindene-3-carbonitrile 8, prepared from 4-amino-6-methyl-2-pyrone 6 and 1, with alkyl- and arylamines in DMF at 50 degrees C and reflux afforded different isothiazole derivatives 11 and 17, respectively. On the other hand, treatment of 8 with 1,3-diaminopropane in THF at room temperature, followed by chromatography on silica gel, gave 3-(2-oxopropyl)-6,7,8-trihydro-4H-1-thia-2,5,9-triazacyclopentacyclononene-4,10-dione 12 in 59% yield.

Novel synthesis of cis-nickel(II) 3-alkylimino-3-alkyl(or aryl)thio-1-arylpropenethiolates and their application to the preparation of 5-aryl-3-(arylthio)isothiazoles.

Treatment of (E)-3-alkylamino-3-alkylthio-1-(thioaroyl)propenes 2 with Ni(OAc)2.4H2O in EtOH at room temperature gave cis-Ni(II)-3-alkylimino-3-alkylthio-1-arylpropenethiolates 3 in excellent yields. Heating a mixture of 3 and alkyl- or arylthiols in 1,2-dichloroethane gave new ketene S,N-acetals 4 having new alkyl- or arylthio groups depending on the thiols employed.

Novel synthesis of 5,6-dihydro-4H-thieno[3,2-b]pyrrol-5-ones via the rhodium(II)-mediated wolff rearrangement of 3-(thieno-2-yl)-3-oxo-2-diazopropanoates.

[reaction: see text] Treatment of thioaryolketene S,N-acetals 12 with Hg(OAc)(2) followed by addition of 2-diazo-3-trimethylsilyloxy-3-butenoic acid alkyl esters 15 in CH(2)Cl(2) at room temperature gave 3-(3-alkylamino-5-arylthieno-2-yl)-3-oxo-2-diazopropanoates 16 in good yields. Subsequent reactions of 16 with a catalytic amount of Rh(2)(OAc)(4).2H(2)O in benzene at reflux afforded a mixture of 5,6-dihydro-4H-thieno[3,2-b]pyrrol-5-ones 18 and the corresponding enols 19 in excellent yields.