Analysis of factors influencing refractive error in Fuchs eyes undergoing Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty triple procedure.

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of current intraocular lens (IOL) formulas and identify factors influencing mean error in eyes undergoing Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) triple procedure, that is, DMEK combined with cataract extraction and IOL placement for concurrent Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and cataracts.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Subjects: 90 eyes with FECD undergoing uncomplicated DMEK triple procedure at Wilmer Eye Institute.

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics of plasma and urine in dry eye disease (DED)-induced rat model.

Dry eye disease (DED) is an ophthalmic disease associated with poor quality and quantity of tears, and the number of patients is steadily increasing. The aim of this study was to determine plasma and urine metabolites obtained from DED scopolamine animal model where dry eye conditions (DRY) are induced. It was also of interest to examine whether DED (scopolamine) rat model was exacerbated by treatment with benzalkonium chloride (BAC).

Demodex Blepharitis: An Analysis of Nine Patients.

Inflammatory eyelid symptoms are common in primary care and there have been several reports on Demodex blepharitis. In the present study, we evaluate the 9 patients with Demodex blepharitis, who showed inflammation of the eyelids, dry eye, and cylindrical dandruff at the base of the eyelashes. The causative species from all patients was Demodex folliculorum of either the adult or nymph stage.

Wnt/β-catenin signaling stimulates the self-renewal of conjunctival stem cells and promotes corneal conjunctivalization.

Limbal stem cell deficiency causes conjunctivalization characterized by the covering of the corneal surface with conjunctival epithelium. However, the driving force for the encroachment of these conjunctival cells is unclear. Conjunctival stem cells are bipotent stem cells that can proliferate and differentiate into conjunctival epithelial cells and goblet cells to maintain regeneration of the conjunctival epithelium.

Quantitative measurement of optical properties and Hb concentration in a rodent model of inflammatory Meibomian gland dysfunction using spatial frequency domain imaging.

Herein, to investigate a new diagnostic method for Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) induced by eyelid inflammation, optical properties and deoxy-hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations in rodent eyelid tissues, including Meibomian glands(MGs), were measured using spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI). Complete Freund's adjuvant solutions were injected into the eyelid margins of Sprague-Dawley rats to induce MGD. After three weeks, the optical properties and Hb of the MG and non-MG regions of the eyelids were measured using an SFDI system.

Development of the Integrated Glaucoma Risk Index.

Various machine-learning schemes have been proposed to diagnose glaucoma. They can classify subjects into 'normal' or 'glaucoma'-positive but cannot determine the severity of the latter. To complement this, researchers have proposed statistical indices for glaucoma risk.

Effect of low-level light therapy in patients with dry eye: a prospective, randomized, observer-masked trial.

To evaluate the efficacy of low-level light therapy (LLLT) with near-infrared light-emitting diodes (LED-LLLT) for the treatment of dry eye. 40 patients were randomly assigned with a 1:1 allocation ratio to receive LED-LLLT (LLLT group, n = 20) or placebo treatment (placebo group, n = 20). Patients in the LLLT group received LLLT twice a week for 3 weeks, for a total of 6 treatment sessions.

Posterior segment complications of Ahmed valve implantation.

Background: To assess the time, incidence, and outcome of posterior segment complications of Ahmed valve implantation (AVI).

Methods: 248 eyes that underwent AVI were reviewed retrospectively. Visual acuity, preoperative characteristics, and postoperative posterior segment complications were assessed.

Particulate Matter Exposure Aggravates IL-17-Induced Eye and Nose Inflammation in an OVA/Poly(I:C) Mouse Model.

Purpose: Data on the effects of direct particulate matter (PM) exposure on the eyes and the nose are limited. Here, an interleukin (IL)-17/neutrophil-dominant ovalbumin (OVA)/polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)) mouse model was used to evaluate the effect of different-sized titanium dioxide (TiO) particles on the eyes and the nose. We also examined whether IL-17-neutralizing antibody (IL-17Ab) treatment could reverse TiO effects.

Bilateral Trichosporon asahii keratitis after ptosis correction: A case report.

Rationale: Fungal keratitis (FK) is a severe vision-threatening disease that can lead to corneal perforation or endophthalmitis despite proper treatment. It is important to diagnose the disease promptly due to its indolent nature and disproportionate disease symptoms. Trichosporon asahii is reported rarely as the causative organism of FK.

Explainable Machine Learning Model for Glaucoma Diagnosis and Its Interpretation.

The aim is to develop a machine learning prediction model for the diagnosis of glaucoma and an explanation system for a specific prediction. Clinical data of the patients based on a visual field test, a retinal nerve fiber layer optical coherence tomography (RNFL OCT) test, a general examination including an intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, and fundus photography were provided for the feature selection process. Five selected features (variables) were used to develop a machine learning prediction model.

Comparative study on the effect of hyperthermic massage and mechanical squeezing in the patients with mild and severe meibomian gland dysfunction: An interventional case series.

Background: Meibomian glands exist beneath the palpebral conjunctiva; thus, it is invisible to the naked eye without infrared imaging. This study used meibography to group patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and assessed the effects of hyperthermic massage and mechanical squeezing in both groups.

Materials And Methods: Patients with MGD were divided into two groups, according to the degree of meibomian gland loss: group 1, in which the sum of eyelid scores ranged from 0 to 4 (mild to moderate gland loss) and group 2, in which the sum of eyelid scores ranged from 5 to 6 (severe gland loss).

Effect of 808-nm Laser Photobiomodulation Treatment in Blepharitis Rat Model.

Purpose: Blepharitis, simply defined as eyelid inflammation, is one of the common ocular conditions associated with discomfort and irritation. Because blepharitis causes meibomian gland dysfunction and dry eye, this study aimed to confirm the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) on blepharitis.

Methods: A total of 20 rats were randomly assigned to 4 equal groups, including control, blepharitis, PBM, and eye drop.

Outcome of phacoemulsification in patients with open-angle glaucoma after selective laser trabeculoplasty.

Purpose: To investigate the outcome of phacoemulsification in selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT)-treated eyes.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients who had open angle glaucoma (OAG) with previous SLT who underwent phacoemulsification. We evaluated intraocular pressure (IOP), length of glaucoma control without treatment, and antiglaucoma medication or surgery.

Clinical efficacy of eyelid hygiene in blepharitis and meibomian gland dysfunction after cataract surgery: a randomized controlled pilot trial.

The purpose of this randomized clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of eyelid hygiene on subjective symptoms, anterior blepharitis, and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) after cataract surgery. Subjects with obstructive MGD who underwent cataract surgery were randomly divided into two groups. In the eyelid hygiene group, eyelid hygiene was performed twice a day for 10 days from 3 days before to 1 week after cataract surgery.

Sestrin2 inhibits YAP activation and negatively regulates corneal epithelial cell proliferation.

Corneal wound healing is essential for the maintenance of corneal integrity and transparency and involves a series of physiological processes that depend on the proliferation of epithelial cells. However, the molecular mechanisms that control corneal epithelial cell proliferation are poorly understood. Here, we show that Sestrin2, a stress-inducible protein, is downregulated in the corneal epithelium during wound healing and that the proliferation of epithelial basal cells is enhanced in Sestrin2-deficient mice.

Distribution and Characteristics of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Subtypes: A Multicenter Study in South Korea.

Purpose: We sought to evaluate the distribution and characteristics of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and the treatment patterns for symptomatic MGD patients in South Korea.

Methods: One hundred ninety-six right eyes of 196 MGD patients were enrolled. For each patient, meibum expressibility in the central eight glands in both the upper and lower eyelids was examined.

Comparison of peripapillary and macular choroidal thickness and ganglion cell complex thickness in glaucomatous and healthy eyes.

Aim: To assess choroidal thickness (CT) and its association with ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness (GCIPLT) and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) in open angle glaucoma (OAG) comparing with preperimetric glaucoma (PPG) and normal eyes.

Methods: Totally 55 eyes of OAG, 40 eyes of PPG, and 40 eyes of age-matched normal eyes were studied. Peripapillary CT (PCT), macular CT (MCT), RNFLT, and GCIPLT were evaluated.

Choroidal vascular index in patients with open angle glaucoma and preperimetric glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate choroidal structural changes in glaucoma using choroidal vascularity index (CVI) compared to healthy subjects.

Methods: This retrospective study included 56 patients with open angle glaucoma (OAG), 50 patients with preperimetric glaucoma (PPG) and 50 age-matched healthy eyes. Choroidal images were binarized into luminal area (LA) and stromal area.

Author Correction: The use of microfluidic spinning fiber as an ophthalmology suture showing the good anastomotic strength control.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

Optimal size of pterygium excision for limbal conjunctival autograft using fibrin glue in primary pterygia.

Background: In our study we describe a method that optimizes size of excision and autografting for primary pterygia along with the use of intraoperative MMC and fibrin glue. Our objective is to propose a simple, optimizedpterygium surgical technique with excellent aesthetic outcomes and low rates of recurrence and otheradverse events.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of 78 consecutive patients with stage III primary pterygia who underwent an optimal excision technique by three experienced surgeons.

Thae use of microfluic spinning fiber as an ophthalmology suture showing the good anastomotic strength control.

Adjusting the mechanical strength of a biomaterial to suit its intended application is very important for realizing beneficial outcomes. Microfluidic spinning fiber have been attracting attention recently due to their various advantages, but their mechanical strength has unfortunately not been a subject of concentrated research, and this lack of research has severely limited their applications. In the current work, we showed the mechanical properties of microfibers can be tuned easily and provided a mathematical explanation for how the microfluidic spinning method intrinsically controls the mechanical properties of a microfluidic spinning fiber.

Comparative analysis of mean retinal thickness measured using SD-OCT in normal young or old age and glaucomatous eyes.

Purpose: To evaluate changes in macular thickness, ganglion cell layer/inner plexiform layer (GCL/IPL) thickness, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in normal eyes and glaucomatous eyes using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods: We enrolled 89 eyes (all left eyes), including 45 (of 45 patients) eyes with glaucoma and 44 (of 44 patients) normal eyes. The data from macular measurements using spectral domain optical coherence tomography were analyzed according to groups divided by age and glaucoma status.