Pseudogenization of the Hair-Related Genes PADI3 and S100A3 in Cetaceans and Hippopotamus amphibius.

Hair-related genes in mammals play important roles in the development and maintenance of hair and other keratinous structures in mammals. The peptidyl arginine deiminase 3 (PADI3) gene encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of arginine residues to citrulline. The S100 calcium binding protein A3 (S100A3) gene encodes a protein that is highly expressed in the hair cuticle and contains arginine residues that are converted to citrullines by PADI enzymes.