The First Report of Bickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis Induced by Atezolizumab for Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, but they have been known to cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs) by promoting T-cell activation. Neurological irAEs are rare (1%) but have a high fatality rate (11.5%).

Lesion Size on Ultrasonography Predicts Potential Invasion in Ductal Carcinoma in situ Preoperatively Diagnosed by Breast Needle Biopsy.

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast has no potential to metastasize, but over 20% of cases preoperatively diagnosed as DCIS are upstaged on final pathology. The rates of upstaging and the predictors for invasion on final pathology were evaluated. For 240 primary breast cancers, radiological findings on mammography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging were investigated along with pathological and clinical information.

Trastuzumab-Based Photoimmunotherapy Integrated with Viral HER2 Transduction Inhibits Peritoneally Disseminated HER2-Negative Cancer.

Peritoneal dissemination is the most frequent metastasis in gastric cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. The lack of particular target antigens in gastric cancer other than HER2 has hampered the development of treatments for peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer. We hypothesized that HER2-extracellular domain (HER2-ECD) gene transduction combined with trastuzumab-based photoimmunotherapy (PIT) might provide excellent and selective antitumor effects for peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer.

Viral transduction of the HER2-extracellular domain expands trastuzumab-based photoimmunotherapy for HER2-negative breast cancer cells.

The prognosis of HER2-positive breast cancer has been improved by trastuzumab therapy, which features high specificity and limited side effects. However, trastuzumab-based therapy has shortcomings. Firstly, HER2-targeted therapy is only applicable to HER2-expressing tumors, which comprise only 20-25% of primary breast cancers.