Publications by authors named "Kyoko Shimizu"

This study clarified the risk factors and pathophysiology of pancreatic cancer by examining the factors associated with fatty pancreas. The degree of fatty pancreas, background factors, and incidence of pancreatic cancer were examined among nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients (n = 281) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) patients with a family history of pancreatic cancer (n = 38). The presence of fatty pancreas was confirmed by the pancreatic CT value/splenic CT value ratio (P/S ratio).

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Article Synopsis
  • Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is defined as a longstanding inflammatory condition of the pancreas influenced by genetic and environmental factors, resulting in damage and stress responses.
  • In 2021, Japan revised its clinical practice guidelines for CP to reflect recent evidence and a clearer understanding of its fibro-inflammatory nature, categorizing clinical inquiries into specific types.
  • The updated guidelines detail treatment options, lifestyle advice, pain management, and strategies for handling complications, along with a flowchart for effective treatment selection and intervention when initial treatments fail.
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  • The study investigates the role of lymphatic, microvascular, and perineural invasion as prognostic factors in the recurrence of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs) among 138 patients who underwent surgery.
  • Findings reveal that 17% of patients experienced recurrence, with significant risk factors identified as a tumor grade of 2-3 and the presence of microvascular invasion.
  • Ultimately, the research concludes that microvascular invasion is a key independent risk factor for recurrence in PanNEN patients.
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  • Due to new insights and updates to the Japanese autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) diagnostic criteria in 2018, the existing 2013 consensus guidelines needed revision.
  • A group of 20 AIP specialists analyzed 5218 articles from 1963 to 2019 to extract clinical statements and developed 39 clinical questions and statements across various aspects of AIP.
  • A modified Delphi method was used to validate these statements, and with moderator evaluation, the revised Japanese consensus guidelines for AIP were proposed in 2020.
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Preoperative treatment is being proposed as a standard treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma though few cases show a pathologically complete response. On the other hand, there is no consensus regarding preoperative chemotherapy for pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (ACC). The present study described a rare case of ACC in the pancreatic head with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) treated with preoperative chemotherapy using modified FOLFIRINOX, which achieved a pathologically complete response.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study was conducted to evaluate how well pathologists agree on diagnosing type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) using tissue samples from endoscopic biopsies, specifically how they distinguish it from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
  • After providing guidelines, the agreement among pathologists improved significantly, with median sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing PDAC at 95.2% and 100%, respectively.
  • Although most pathologists could identify type 1 AIP in over 60% of the cases, there were still inconsistencies and ambiguities, particularly with certain histological features like ductal lesions, which compromised the overall diagnosis accuracy.
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Objectives: S-1 monotherapy with concurrent radiotherapy (RT) is a standard of care for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Although renal dysfunction increases S-1 monotherapy toxicity, its effect in S-1 with concurrent RT remains unknown. We evaluated the effect of renal function on the safety of S-1 with RT for LAPC.

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The effectiveness of azathioprine (AZA) in preventing relapse and maintaining autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) remission has been reported; however, most of these studies are case series with no randomized control trials available in the literature. Therefore, this study performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the existing literature on this subject to determine the clinical efficacy of AZA as maintenance therapy for AIP patients. A systematic search was performed to identify studies on the clinical efficacy of AZA as maintenance therapy in AIP patients.

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JCOG1113 is a randomized phase III trial in patients with advanced biliary tract cancers (BTCs) (UMIN000001685), and gemcitabine plus S-1 (GS) was not inferior to gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GC). However, poor renal function often results in high toxicity of S-1. Therefore, we examined whether GS can be recommended for patients with low creatinine clearance (CCr).

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The Au-C linkage has been demonstrated as a robust interface for coupling thin organic films on Au surfaces. However, the nature of the Au-C interaction remains elusive up to now. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy was previously used to assign a band at 412 cm as a covalent sigma Au-C bond for films generated by spontaneous reduction of the 4-nitrobenzenediazonium salt on Au nanoparticles.

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Background: Chemoradiotherapy is a treatment option for locally advanced pancreatic cancer. However, the efficacy of induction chemotherapy prior to chemoradiotherapy is uncertain. The aim of this randomized, multicentre phase II study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of chemoradiotherapy with and without induction chemotherapy to determine the significance of induction chemotherapy.

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A 70-year-old female was found to have multiple hepatic cysts at her annual checkup. In the posterior segment of the right lobe of the liver, an 81 × 67 mm circular cystic lesion was detected by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cyst revealed a solid component.

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Objective: The primary objective of this study was to identify novel genes that predispose people in the Japanese population to FPC.

Summary Of Background Data: Familial history of pancreatic cancer is an important risk factor but, to date, few genes predisposing individuals to increased risk of developing FPC have been identified.

Methods: We performed whole-exome sequencing of germline DNA from 81 Japanese FPC patients.

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The biopsy-based diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is difficult but is becoming imperative for pathologists due to the increased amount of endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy tissue. To cope with this challenge, we propose guidance for the biopsy diagnosis of type 1 AIP. This guidance is for pathologists and comprises three main parts.

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Objectives: We examined the efficacy and limitations of acquiring large specimens by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) for diagnosing type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP).

Methods: Patients from 12 institutions with non-neoplastic diseases or pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with large EUS-FNB specimens were investigated. Slides stained with hematoxylin-eosin, elastic, IgG4, and IgG stains were evaluated.

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A 79-year-old man visited our hospital with a chief complaint of erythema around the urethral orifice of the glans, and a diagnosis of penile Bowen's disease was made by penile skin biopsy. Initially, local tumor resection with skin grafting from the femoral skin was performed. However, histopathological examination revealed a positive urethral margin of tumor.

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Carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP), a glucose responsive transcription factor, mainly regulates expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism and lipogenesis. Recently, ChREBP is speculated to be involved in the onset and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, there exists no report regarding the localization and function of ChREBP in the kidney.

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The presence of anti-transcriptional intermediary factor (TIF)1-γ antibody (Ab) is associated with cancer in adult patients with clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) or dermatomyositis (DM). In this study, we examined whether anti-TIF1-γ Ab levels are associated with disease activity in patients with CADM/DM. Anti-TIF1-γ Ab levels were examined in 23 patients with CADM or DM (CADM, n = 6; DM, n = 17).

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Background: Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL). Itching can be a major symptom for patients with CTCL, however, itching associated with MF is not relieved by conventional therapy using anti-histamines, suggesting that histamine is not the main pruritogen. Therefore, the underlying mechanisms of itching in MF patients remain unclear.

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Background: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a fibro-inflammatory disease of the pancreas. Early diagnosis and intervention, before CP becomes established and irreversible, are essential to improve the long-term outcomes. The world's first diagnostic criteria for early CP were proposed in Japan in 2009, but their clinical utility remains elusive.

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Synopsis of recent research by authors named "Kyoko Shimizu"

  • - Kyoko Shimizu's recent research primarily focuses on pancreatic diseases, including pancreatic cancer and autoimmune pancreatitis, examining treatment duration, risk factors, and therapeutic outcomes through retrospective studies and clinical trials.
  • - Findings from her studies indicate a growing understanding of the impact of factors such as fatty infiltration and renal function on the efficacy of treatments for pancreatic cancer, alongside efforts to establish guidelines for diagnosing conditions like autoimmune pancreatitis using biopsy tissues.
  • - Additionally, Shimizu has contributed to the field of dermatology, investigating treatment responses in melanoma and the mechanisms underlying symptoms in skin conditions, indicating a broad interdisciplinary expertise in both oncology and dermatology.