Patients frequently experience great discomfort during a bronchoscopy for the diagnosis of lung neoplasms. Sedation is generally recommended during bronchoscopy; however, few studies have evaluated the discomfort and tolerability of patients to a bronchoscopy with regard to the administration procedures. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the discomfort and tolerability of patients undergoing a bronchoscopy using different sedation procedures with midazolam.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The aim of this study was to detect the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-activating mutations and other oncogene alterations in patients with non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC) who experienced a treatment failure in response to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) with a next generation sequencer.
Methods: Fifteen patients with advanced NSCLC previously treated with EGFR-TKIs were examined between August 2005 and October 2014. For each case, new biopsies were performed, followed by DNA sequencing on an Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM) system using the Ion AmpliSeq Cancer Hotspot Panel version 2.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol
October 2015
Background: Efficacies of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) rechallenge have been demonstrated in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, their efficacies were only moderate. Some preclinical studies suggested synergistic effects of bevacizumab to EGFR-TKI in TKI-resistant models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Although sedation is often required for agitated patients undergoing noninvasive ventilation (NIV), reports on its practical use have been few. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sedation for agitated patients undergoing NIV in clinical practice in a single hospital.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed sedated patients who received NIV due to acute respiratory failure from May 2007 to May 2012.
Background: Treatment for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is often determined by the presence of biomarkers that predict the response to agents targeting specific molecular pathways. Demands for multiplex analysis of the genes involved in the pathogenesis of NSCLC are increasing.
Methods: We validated the Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM) system using the Ion AmpliSeq Cancer Hotspot Panel and compared the results with those obtained using the gold standard methods, conventional PCR and Sanger sequencing.
Background/aim: Patients with malignant lung cancer often develop a solitary pulmonary nodule after treatment of the initial cancer. In those cases, it is difficult to distinguish primary lung cancer (PLC) from lung metastasis. Therefore, both local therapy for a single lung lesions and systemic therapy for micrometastases are needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic impact of central nervous system metastases (CNS) after acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Patients And Methods: We defined CNS-collapse as death due to uncontrolled and progressive CNS metastases. Post-progression survival (PPS) after initial TKI failure and T790M status were retrospectively compared in 92 patients with or without CNS collapse.
We herein report a patient with clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) who developed anti-CADM-140 autoantibody in association with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD). Chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) revealed early pulmonary involvement preceding typical cutaneous lesions. Primary lesions of patchy peribronchial opacity developed ground-glass opacity and consolidation with architectural distortion and traction bronchiectasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Chemother Pharmacol
December 2014
Purpose: Optimal chemotherapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with interstitial lung disease (ILD) is established for paclitaxel and carboplatin, but is otherwise controversial. Therefore, we assessed the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel and carboplatin with or without bevacizumab for treating these patients.
Methods: We analyzed the outcomes of 21 patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC with ILD who received paclitaxel and carboplatin without (paclitaxel-carboplatin group; n = 11) or with bevacizumab (paclitaxel-carboplatin-bevacizumab group; n = 10) between April 2008 and October 2013.
Objective: Non-HIV patients with pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) have a poor prognosis. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality in terms of the clinical findings, including the results of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)-analyses, in non-HIV PCP patients.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed non-HIV PCP patients diagnosed using bronchoalveolar lavage between April 2006 and July 2012.
Elderly patients with stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are frequently underrepresented in clinical trials that evaluate chemoradiotherapy, due to their poor functional status, coexisting illnesses and limited life expectancy. The Japan Clinical Oncology Group 0301 trial (JCOG0301) was the first study to demonstrate that thoracic radiation therapy (TRT) with daily low-dose carboplatin may improve the outcome of elderly patients with stage III NSCLC. However, the efficacy and safety profiles of chemoradiotherapy, including platinum doublets, have not been clearly determined in this patient population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMutated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and signaling pathways were associated with multiple brain and intra-pulmonary metastases, oncogenic progression and metastasis. However, features of metastasis to other organs and the independent prognostic influence of metastatic lesions were not elucidated in patients with lung cancer harboring EGFR mutations. Between January 2007 and April 2012, we treated 277 patients diagnosed with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate bevacizumab combined with weekly paclitaxel with and without carboplatin in pre-treated patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Patients And Methods: Between November 2009 and October 2011, 43 pre-treated patients with non-squamous NSCLC received bevacizumab (15 mg/kg, day 1) plus weekly paclitaxel (60-80 mg/m(2), days 1, 8, 15) with carboplatin (area under the curve=4-5, day 1) (n=36), or bevacizumab plus weekly paclitaxel (n=7) alone every four weeks.
Results: The response rate and disease control rates were 48.
Background: Human herpes viruses (HHVs) are important pathogens in acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Rapid and efficient diagnostic tools are needed to detect HHVs in the lung in ALI/ARDS patients.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of multiplex and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for detecting HHV reactivation in ALI/ARDS patients.
Background: The secondary epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation Thr790Met (T790M) accounts for approximately half of acquired resistances to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). Recent reports have demonstrated that the emergence of T790M predicts a favorable prognosis and indolent progression. However, rebiopsy to confirm T790M status can be challenging due to limited tissue availability and procedural feasibility, and little is known regarding the differences among patients with or without T790M mutation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: EGFR gene mutation is independently associated with a favorable response in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving epidermal growth factor receptor -tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), regardless of sex or smoking history. Squamous cell carcinoma patients harboring EGFR mutations show a significantly worse response to EGFR-TKIs compared with adenocarcinoma patients. We hypothesized that the serum cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) is associated with the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrizotinib-an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitor-is effective in non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) that express ALK. Here, we report a patient with ALK-positive lung adenocarcinoma who was administered crizotinib via nasogastric and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes, with positive results. This case indicates that patients with ALK-positive NSCLC may successfully be treated with crizotinib via nasogastric or PEG tubes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Interstitial lung disease (ILD), especially idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, has been shown to be associated with lung carcinogenesis. However, an association between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status and preexisting ILD in patients with lung adenocarcinoma is unknown.
Methods: Between January 2008 and April 2012, we analyzed 602 patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
Background And Objective: Acute exacerbation (AE) of interstitial pneumonia (IP) is defined as a life-threatening deterioration of IP without identifiable cause. We evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic role of serum procalcitonin (PCT) in AE-IP.
Methods: Twenty consecutive patients admitted for AE-IP between May 2010 and April 2012 were evaluated.
Background And Objective: A well-validated instrument that is simple to use is needed to assess health-related quality of life in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). The COPD assessment test (CAT) is a recently introduced, short and simple questionnaire for COPD patients, which shows good and valid measurement properties. This study was conducted to evaluate the validity of the CAT in patients with ILD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Relatively little is known about acute exacerbation (AE) of interstitial pneumonia associated with collagen vascular diseases (CVD-IPs).
Objectives: This study was aimed at clarifying clinical characteristics and outcome in AE of CVD-IPs, compared with those of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs).
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 112 admission cases with suspected AE of CVD-IPs or IIPs during 2003-2009.
Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most fatal cutaneous neoplasm. Primary MM of the lung is quite rare, and late recurrence of MM is also uncommon. We report 2 cases of pulmonary MM, the first involving primary MM of the lung and the second involving late recurrence 8 years after the initial surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Recent reports have suggested that erlotinib therapy after gefitinib failure requires optimal patient selection to obtain clinical benefits in relapsed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, insufficient evidence exists to determine which clinical factors best identify patients who benefit from erlotinib therapy.
Methods: One hundred twenty-five patients with relapsed NSCLC who had received erlotinib therapy after gefitinib failure were retrospectively evaluated between January 2008 and May 2009.
Background: The administration of opioids to outpatients with cancer pain can be difficult because the constant dose modification and treatments of side effects involved are occasionally impossible. Therefore, more effective and safer drugs with better patients compliance are needed to complete a successful opioid introduction. Compared with other opioids, low-dose fentanyl has been suggested to produce milder side effects such as nausea, constipation, and somnolence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Recent reports have suggested the efficacy of amrubicin (AMR) for relapsed small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, doses of AMR in these reports were 40 mg/m(2) or 45 mg/m(2), and severe and frequent myelosuppression were observed. Such side effects are occasionally intolerable, as serious myelosuppression may induce fatal infections.
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